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CompTIA A+ > 1102 Essential Review > Flashcards

1102 Essential Review Flashcards

1
Q

Primary Partition

A

Part of the MBR style
is a bootable drive

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2
Q

Extended Partition

A

MBR style, used to host logical drives (gets around the 4 partition limit)

Logical drives are not bootable at startup, but can be booted after startup

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3
Q

Dynamic Disk

A

Windows style of partitioning - creates volumes instead of dirves

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4
Q

Capabilities of Volumes

A

Volumes can be:

-Simple - act like primary part
-Spanned - extend across multiple SSD/HDDs (if one fails, everything is lost)
-Striped - RAID 0 setup
-Mirrored - RAID 1 setup

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5
Q

GPT

A

GUID Partition Table

Has a 128 partition limit
No size limit

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6
Q

MBR

A

Master Boot Record

4 partition limit
2.2 TB size limit per partition

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7
Q

FAT32
(Max file size, max partition size)

A

File Allocation Table (format style)

Max file size of 4GB
Max partition size of 8TB

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8
Q

NTFS
(Max file size, other features)

A

New Tech File System (format style)

-Max file size of 16TB
-Encryption using EFS
-Uses ACL (access control list) to set permissions
-Compression capable

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9
Q

exFAT

A

No real max file size
Max 512 TB partition

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10
Q

APFS

A

Apple File System

optimized for SSD, compression, snapshots, encryption

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11
Q

ext4

A

Linux file system

max file size 16TB
max volume 1 EB

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12
Q

Windows 10 Home Capabilities

A

RAM: 128GB
No domain
No RDP service (client yes)
No Group Policy
No Bitlocker
No LTSB

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13
Q

Windows 10 Pro Capabilities

A

RAM: 2TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
No LTSB

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14
Q

Windows 10 Pro for Workstations Capabilities

A

RAM: 6TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service (client yes)
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
Yes LTSB

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15
Q

Windows 10 Enterprise Capabilities

A

RAM: 6TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service (client yes)
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
Yes LTSB

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16
Q

Time and Language
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Adjust time, date, speech settings, region

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17
Q

Update and Security
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Windows Update
launch windows security app (firewall, defender, etc)
Backup and Recovery (not system restore)
Troubleshooters
Bitlocker

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18
Q

Personalization
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Colors, themes, icon choice, etc

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19
Q

Apps
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Lists installed applications
Remove applications
Change autostart
(skype, edge, office, onedrive, dropbox, etc)

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20
Q

Privacy
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Adjust app permissions
configure data collection for advertising

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21
Q

System Category
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Sound settings
Display settings
Bluetooth settings
Notification Settings
Power and Sleep settings
RDP settings
Domain/Workgroup Settings

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22
Q

Devices
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Small adjustments to attached devices (printers, mice/keyboards, bluetooth)

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23
Q

Network and Internet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Connection status
Adapter settings
Sharing options
VPN
Proxy

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24
Q

Gaming
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Game Mode
Xbox game bar

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25
Q

Accounts
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Category in Settings App

Privleges and permissions

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26
Q

System Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Opens the System category in Settings - displays specs of your computer
Will also be used to open the System properties dialog box

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27
Q

Sound Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Same features as Sound category in settings

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28
Q

Indexing Options Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Adjust the indexing options (what folders are indexed for search)

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29
Q

Ease of Access Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Acecssibility tools

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30
Q

Administrative Tools Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Many important tools such as Disk Management and Defragment live here.

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31
Q

File Explorer Options Applet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

A

Control Panel

Personalize File Explorer
Show Hidden Files ($ at end)
Show or hide extensions
View Options

32
Q

Disk Management

A

Snapin

diskmgmt.msc

In Administrative Tools, allows you to format and create partitions, etc

33
Q

Resource Monitor
(location, start shortcut, purpose)

A

in Administrative Tools (or Task Mangager)

resmon

Detailed view on resource usage
suspend/start processes without killing

Good for realtime monitoring

34
Q

Microsoft Management Console
(location, start shortcut, purpose)

A

Standalone

mmc.exe

Used to launch and organize your snapins (often administrative tools)

35
Q

Event Viewer

A

Admin tools

Snapin

eventvwr.msc

36
Q

Task Scheduler

A

Admin Tools

Snapin

taskschd.msc

Automate things

37
Q

Certificate Manager

A

Admin tools

Snapin

certmgr.msc

view certs

38
Q

Device Manager

A

Snapin

devmgmt.msc

drivers and such

39
Q

Local Users and Groups

A

Snapin

lusrmgr.msc

Accounts and permissions

40
Q

Performance Monitor

A

Snapin

perfmon.msc

long-term overview of system efficiency vs fine grain view of Resource Monitor

Uses objects and counters

41
Q

Event Viewer

A

Snapin

eventvwr.msc

4 types of logs (application, security, setup, system)

Various event levels

42
Q

FileVault

A

Apple’s storage device encryption service

43
Q

Permission Propogation

A

Moving volumes inherits new permissions

Moving inside same volume retains original permissions

Copying regardless inherits new permissions

44
Q

Owner, Group, Everyone

A

The order of linux permissions

45
Q

rwxrwxrwx

A

Read, write, execute

order of linux file modes

Add them:
r=4
w=2
x=1

46
Q

Command that changes unix the owner and group of file or folder

No quotes or brackets included

A

chown <”new owner”>:(<”new group”>) filename

47
Q

Command that changes unix file modes (access permissions)

A

chmod 421 = -r—w—x

chmod 764 = -rwxrw-r–

48
Q

Quality vs feature update

A

quality = patches

feature = full OS upgrade

49
Q

Backup Types (4)

A

full

incremental - fast generation, store changes since last incremental (slower restore, has to have full and all incrementals)

differential - changes since last full backup, good if data doesn’t change much

synthetic - merges full with all incrementals, new full

50
Q

Pagination commands in Windows and Unix

A

/p for windows

(pipe)|more for unix

51
Q

command for seeing files in a directory

A

ls -l = Unix
dir = Windows

52
Q

command to advance contents of a file line by line or page by page

A

more <file></file>

52
Q

command to print out entire file contents

A

cat <file></file>

53
Q

command to append two files

A

cat file1 file2

54
Q

command to delete a single file in windows

A

del <file></file>

55
Q

command to copy a file

A

copy notes.txt <path></path>

has to be run from within the current directory

56
Q

command and switches to copy directories

A

xcopy <source></source> <dest></dest>

/s all nonempty subdirectories
/e all empty subdirectories

57
Q

command to copy and create a mirrored structure (overwriting files that don’t match)

A

robocopy <source></source> <destination> /mir</destination>

58
Q

command to format a partition

A

format <drive> /FS: <file></file></drive>

59
Q

command to see the version of windows

A

winver

60
Q

command to refresh group policies

A

gpupdate

61
Q

command to see current group policies

A

gpresult

62
Q

command to run the system file check

A

sfc /scannow

63
Q

command to turn off the computer

command to restart the computer

A

shutdown now

shutdown now /r

64
Q

command to see snapshot of process usage

A

ps aux

65
Q

command to see realtime measurements of resource usage

A

top

66
Q

command to search file contents for a specific string

A

grep <term> <files></files></term>

67
Q

command to edit or generate text files

A

nano <filename></filename>

68
Q

command to see free disk space

A

df -h (human readable)

69
Q

.bat
.ps1
.sh
.py
.js
.vbs

A

.bat - batch - windows systems
.ps1 - powershell - AD integrations
.sh - shell - unix systems
.py - python - all systems, good for networking
.js - javascript
.vbs - visual basic - office apps

70
Q

Procurement Life Cycle

A

Identify Needs
Evaluate Suppliers
Negotiate Terms and Finalize Order
Receive Invoice and Process Payment
Delivery and Audit
Maintain Records

71
Q

Rollback Plan

A

Undoing a change, must be planned out

72
Q

Sandbox Testing

A

Usually virtualized, safe environment to experiment with changes

73
Q

Change Management

A

Request forms - will include justifications
Purpose of Change
Scope of Change
Document Date and Time
Determine Impact
Level of Risk
vvvvvvvv
Change Board Approval
Plan for change implementation
End-User Acceptance

74
Q

msconfig

A

troubleshoot, diagnose, and optimize windows - lots of startup/boot settings

CompTIA A+ (11 decks)

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