1.1 - Models of the Particulate Nature of Matter Flashcards
List the two types of pure substances.
Element and compound.
List the two types of mixtures.
Homogenous and heterogenous.
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical means.
What is a molecule?
An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms bonded together.
What is a compound?
A compound is formed of two or more elements chemically joined together in a fixed ratio.
Do compounds have the same properties as the elements they are made up of?
No, not necessarily.
What are mixtures?
Mixtures contain more than one element and/or compound that are not chemically bonded together.
What are homogenous mixtures?
Mixtures with a constant composition throughout.
What are heterogenous mixtures?
A mixture with a non-uniform composition.
List the 6 separation techniques
- Solvation/dissolution
- Filtration
- Recrystallization
- Evaporation
- Distillation
- Chromatography
Describe solvation/dissolution.
A mixture is added to water or an organic solvent in order to separate the soluble substances from the insoluble substances from the original mixture.
Describe filtration.
A separation techniques used to separate heterogenous mixtures such as sand and water using a paper filter or other porous material.
Describe Recrystallisation.
Mixture is dissolved and cooled off to form purified solid.
Describe evaporation.
Used to separate homogenous mixture by heating the one of its components until it gets vaporised.
Describe distillation.
Technique used to separate two miscible liquids with different boiling points.
Describe chromatography.
A separation technique used to separate a mixture of solutes in a solvent.
Draw a diagram of all states of matter and their change of state.
What is the Kelvin?
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
