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AN SC 384 > 11: Breeding Value and Genetic Value > Flashcards

11: Breeding Value and Genetic Value Flashcards

1
Q

The previous genetic model for quantitative traits represents the genetic and environmental contributions to a…

A

single performance record on one animal

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2
Q

The average BV, GCV and E effects across an entire population is…

A

zero

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3
Q

The difference in performance of two genotypes depends on the…

A

environment in which the performance is measured

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4
Q

GxE interaction refers to a change in…

A

size of the difference in performance (loss of productivity) or to a change in ranking of animals when measured in different environments
Slide 9

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5
Q

Understanding GxE interactions helps us determine…

A

the best animals (or genotypes) for a given situation (environment)

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6
Q

BV for a phenotype is the sum of…

A

The independent effects of that animal’s genes affected the trait

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7
Q

If a BB animal has a BV for mature weight of +20, and the bb animal has a BV of -20, then we can say

A

The progeny of BB individuals will, on average, be heavier

bb individuals will be lighter, produce offspring with the lowest mature weights

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8
Q

Calculate the BV, G and GCV of the following genotypes under complete dominance if caps =+4, small letters=-2:
AaBbCcDdEeFf
AABbCcddEeFf
AAbbCcDDeeFf

A

BV G GCV
12 48 36
12 36 24
12 24 12

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9
Q

GCV =

A

G - BV

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10
Q

Calculate the BV, G and GCV of the following genotypes under no dominance if caps =+4, small letters=-2:
AaBbCcDdEeFf
AABbCcddEeFf
AAbbCcDDeeFf

A

BV G GCV
12 12 0
12 12 0
12 12 0

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11
Q

How do we predict genotypic values and breeding values

A

Using performance data and relationship information (pedigree)

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12
Q

What is EBV

A

Estimated breeding value

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13
Q

A parent passes on, on average, how much of its BV to offspring?

A

Half

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14
Q

What is progeny difference? Aka…

A

Half the parents BV for a particular trait, our expectation of what is inherited from the parent
Aka transmitting ability

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15
Q

Equation for PD

A

PD = (1/2)(BV)

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16
Q

PD can also be considered as…

A

the observed difference between the mean performance of the individual’s progeny and the mean performance of all progeny in the population

17
Q

What is EPD

A

Expected progeny difference. PD not directly measurable but can be predicted from performance data and pedigree

18
Q

What does a parent transmit to offspring

A

Half its genes (randomly sampled), NOT PD (half its BV)

19
Q

Slide 25, 26, 27

A

look

20
Q

BV and PD for a trait is a function of

A

the independent effects of the animals genes influencing the trait (no GCV)

21
Q

Breeding value aka

A

Additive genetic value

AN SC 384 (22 decks)

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