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Instruments > 11-217V1 Ch5 > Flashcards

11-217V1 Ch5 Flashcards

1
Q

True/False. Where Procedures depict a ground track the pilot is expected to correct for known wind conditions.

A

True.

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2
Q

When is the only time wind correction should not be applied?

A

During radar vectors.

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3
Q

When are the only times you can operate within controlled airspace IFR without ATC authorization?

A

1) . If you’re on the centerline of a federal airway

2) . Along the direct course between nav aids or fixes defining a route

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4
Q

When you are utilizing ground based NAVAIDs what must you do?

A

Tune, Identify, Monitor

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5
Q

True/false. For an aircraft with the capability to translate Morse code into an alphanumeric visual display it is acceptable to use the display as the sole means of identifying the station.

A

True, so long as the display is always in the pilot’s view and loss of the signal results in the display immediately disappearing or showing a warning.

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6
Q

True/False. A NAVAID can be identified by listening to voice transmissions broadcast on it (such as FSS).

A

False. Only the Morse code identifier or (for VORs) auto voice identification which states the station name

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7
Q

What identifies a VOR?

A

Three letter Morse code group.

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8
Q

What identifies a TACAN?

A

Aural three letter Morse code identifier every 35 seconds.

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9
Q

What identifies a NDB/ADF?

A

Two or three letter Morse code identifier (depending on power output).

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10
Q

What identifies an ILS?

A

Repeated four letter Morse code group that starts with I in the US (to denote that it is an ILS).

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11
Q

What is specific to monitoring NDBs?

A

There is a direct correlation between the identifier strength and signal strength and reliability with no off flags to indicate signal loss. Therefore it must be monitored for the entire approach.

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12
Q

What is homing?

A

When the pilot places the head of the bearing pointer under the upper lubber line and makes periodic heading changes to keep it there.

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13
Q

How do you proceed direct to a station?

A

TIM, turn in shortest direction to put bearing pointer on lubber line, center CDI, fly course corrected for winds

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14
Q

How can you ensure successful course interception?

A

An intercept heading must be used which ensures a rate or angle of intercept sufficient for the intercept.

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15
Q

When selecting an intercept heading what is essential?

A

Distance from station and number of degrees off course.

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16
Q

What’s a technique for intercept headings inbound?

A

Course to bearing pointer plus 30 degrees not to exceed 90 degrees

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17
Q

What’s a technique for intercept heading for a course outbound?

A

Tail of bearing pointer to desired course plus 45 degrees not to exceed the head of the bearing pointer

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18
Q

What is an angle of intercept?

A

The angle between the aircraft heading and desired course. The minimum angle of intercept must be greater than the degrees displaced for the course for the inbound course interception.

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19
Q

What does TERPS design criteria provide for?

A

Max obstacle clearance protection when course centerline is maintained.

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20
Q

How do you turn outbound after station passage?

A

TIM, turn to parallel or intercept heading, set course and check for FROM,

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21
Q

Don’t use an intercept heading greater than how many degrees while turning to a course outbound immediately following station passage?

A

45

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22
Q

What is station passage for VOR and VOR/DME? TACAN? ADF? NDB?

A

To-from indicator change. Range indicator stops decreasing for a TACAN. Bearing pointer passes 90 deg to inbound course for an ADF. First definite move of the bearing pointer through 45 deg index on RMI.

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23
Q

Why do we do ground speed checks?

A

To calculate ETAs to fixes for fuel and mission timing estimates

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24
Q

When can you perform groundspeed checks?

A

When at least as far slant range as altitude in thousands of feet. Or below 5,000’ accurate at any distance.

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25
Q

How long is a rapid groundspeed check done?

A

36 seconds and multiplying distance traveled by 100

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26
Q

What’s a rule of thumb for correcting being off an arc?

A

Inside: 5 degrees below reference/0.5 mile
Outside: 10 degrees above reference/0.5 mile

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27
Q

What are the only circumstances under which a USAF pilot can accept clearance to perform a fix-to-fix?

A

1) . Primary nav equipment is RNAV and operating normally
2) . Flight conducted where radar monitoring by ATC available
3) . Locally defined procedures (TERPS checked) require fix-to-fix
4) . Operational necessity dictates it

28
Q

What should you do if ATC directs you to perform a fix-to-fix which doesn’t meet the required circumstances?

A

State “unable” and suffix code from FLIP GP Ch 4

29
Q

How should you perform a fix-to-fix?

A

TIM, turn between two heads, fine tune the heading by visualizing the aircraft somewhere on the bearing pointer tail and the fix somewhere on the course arrow, and update periodically

30
Q

What must an aircraft have to be considered RNAV capable?

A

Be able to display a course from a waypoint to a clearance limit while providing a continuously updated aircraft position with reference to that course line.

31
Q

Can aircraft fly random RNAV routes?

A

Yes. Pilots, however, should exercise extreme caution whether under radar control or not while below minimum IFR altitude.

32
Q

What is RNP?

A

Required Navigation Performance Type. It is a value which states the navigation performance of the aircraft for at least 95% of the time. For example, RNP-5 means the aircraft must be within 5 miles of its fix 95% of the time.

33
Q

What’s key about RNAV procedures in the terminal area?

A

All approaches must be retrieved from an aircraft database, not manually entered.

34
Q

What is GNSS?

A

Global Navigation Satellite System. The only two recognized internationally are GPS by the US, and GLONASS by Russia

35
Q

What are the two levels of service provided by the GPS?

A

1) . Standard Positioning Service which gives horizontal and vertical positioning accuracy within 13 and 22 meters respectively
2) . Precise positioning service which is accurate within 9 meters and can only be received by the military

36
Q

Can IFR Navigation be conducted via PPS GPS in other countries?

A

Not without host nation approval.

37
Q

What is RAIM?

A

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring. It verifies the integrity of signals received. It is required for GPS use and needs 5 satellites to check GPS integrity.

38
Q

What does barometric aiding do?

A

It allows RAIM with just 4 satellites and the current altimeter setting.

39
Q

What are the two types of RAIM alerts?

A

Insufficient geometry or potential error for the current phase of flight

40
Q

When must RAIM be checked?

A

Prior to mission or flight segment where GPS is required.

41
Q

Is RAIM required for RNP RNAV procedures?

A

No. But the appropriate level of RNP must be available to fly the route.

42
Q

How can you get GPS NOTAMs?

A

By entering KGPS as the airfield in military NOTAM website.

43
Q

What are M-series NOTAMs for the GPS?

A

RAIM outages listed for military airfields.

44
Q

What is FDE?

A

Fault Detection and Exclusion. GPS equipment can detect and exclude faulty satellites. It needs 6 satellites in view (or 5 with baro-aiding).

45
Q

Where is FDE required?

A

When utilizing GPS as a primary means of navigation in remote/oceanic areas.

46
Q

When can you use RNAV substitution?

A

1) . When determining aircraft position over a NAVAID or fix defined by a NABAID
2) . Navigating to or from a TACAN, VOR, NDB
3) . Holding over a NAVAID-defined fix or NAVAID
4) . Flying a DME arc
* cannot use for substitution of lateral guidance for final approach segment

47
Q

What must you use when doing RNAV?

A

A current approved database

48
Q

When flying a DME arc using RNAV substitution what must you do?

A

Select the DME facility from the airborne database as the active WP

49
Q

When determine position over a NDB/compass locator using RNAV substitution what must you do?

A

Select the charted NDB/compass locator from the database as an active WP. CDI sensitivity must be set to 1 nm

50
Q

What is a conservative technique for considering yourself in the terminal area?

A

Within 25 NM of the facility, below Class A airspace or using a published procedure for navigation

51
Q

What Terminal Area Procedures and Restrictions apply when on any segment of a published instrument approach procedure?

A

1) . Equipment must have RAIM and meet 11-202V3 reqs
2) . All points must be retrieved from a current aircraft database
3) . Pilots must verify all points against a paper copy (or electronic flight bag)
4) . CDI must be set with terminal sensitivity +/- 1 nm sensitivity
5) . Predictive RAIM check fine before commence the approach
6) . Comply with alternate requirements

52
Q

For whom are RNP Special Aircraft and Aircrew Authorization (SAAAR) Instrument approaches authorized?

A

Only MAJCOM trained and certified crews

53
Q

Who is responsible for knowing if they can conduct an RNP approach with an arc or not?

A

The pilots.

54
Q

For aircraft flying barometric vertical GPS navigation without temperature compensation what does higher temperature do to glidepath? Lower temperatures?

A

High temperatures increase glidepath angle. Cold temperatures reduce glidepath angle.

55
Q

What are the types of RNP SAAAR approaches?

A

1) . Stand-alone

2) . Parallel approach

56
Q

What separation is needed between parallel runways for RNP parallel approach runway transitions?

A

750’ to 5000’

57
Q

Who can provide navigation databases?

A

National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) or a commercial vendor

58
Q

How often are navigation databases updated?

A

28 days.

59
Q

What must be available and cross checked in the terminal environment for RNAV use?

A

A paper or EFB (electronic flight bag) copy of the instrument procedure.

60
Q

Can aircrews fly with an expired GPS database?

A

Yes, so long as the expired database info required for flight can be verified with current FLIP and it is not used for terminal or better accuracy (approaches)

61
Q

What at a minimum must be added into airways constructed manually with waypoints?

A

Compulsory waypoints, NAVAIDs, and any other waypoint associated with course change.

62
Q

If there are differences between the charts and database which holds precedence?

A

The charts and the database may not be used to fly in the terminal area.

63
Q

What is the max allowable difference between waypoints?

A

0.1 nm

64
Q

What are the only two cases where differing database and charted procedure is acceptable?

A

1) . Step down fixes are not listed in the GPS

2) . Some waypoints in the database are not depicted on approach chart.

65
Q

By how much can the chart and database vary for the final approach course and still be authorized?

A

5 degrees

66
Q

What is WGS-84?

A

A worldwide charting standard for coding database information. It is a common reference system for ensuring accurate navigation.

67
Q

From where can you get NGA (DAFIF) database NOTAMs?

A

Class “W” NOTAMs from the joint chiefs of staff NOTAM web site

Instruments (14 decks)

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