Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY - 1 > 10b – Fleas+Lice > Flashcards

10b – Fleas+Lice Flashcards

1
Q

Insects characteristics

A
  • 6 legged adults!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fleas in Canada

A
  • Ctenocephalides felis: cats, dogs, 50 spp (BC)
  • Ctenocephalides canis: dogs, wild canids (BC)
  • *BC as need a high humidity
  • Pulex simulans: wildlife, rarely pets
  • Pulex irritans: humans, rarely pets
  • Xenopsylla spp: rodents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fleas

A
  • Requires >50% of relative humidity
  • Will bite people, but PREFER ANIMALS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

P. irritans

A
  • No combs
  • *HUMANS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

C. felis adult flea

A
  • laterally flattened
  • wingless
  • 6 legs
  • Combs (prontoal and genal)
  • *Flat head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

C. canis adult flea

A
  • Round head
  • Genal and pronotal combs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lifecycle of fleas

A
  • Adults only ones on host: blood feed
  • Eggs in environment -> larvae -> pupae
    o Pupae can survive up to 4-5 months (environmentally resistant reservoir)
  • *takes at least 3 weeks
  • HIGH relative humidity and 25-30 degree C
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathogenesis of fleas

A
  • Anemia: rare, young animals
  • Dermatitis
  • Flea-bite hypersensitivity
    o Flea-bite allergic dermatitis (FAD)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pathogen transmission: IH for

A
  • Dipylidium caninum
  • Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever)
  • Rickettsia spp.
  • Yersinia pestis: rodent fleas, S. SK
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Flea-bite allergic dermatitis

A
  • Intense pruritus (often can’t find a single flea)
  • Mixed type 1 and 4 hypersensitivity
  • *treat with suspicion with adulticide
  • Lower back
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diagnosis of fleas

A
  • Direct examination/comb
  • Flea dirt (frass)
  • Intradermal testing for hypersensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of fleas

A
  • Adulticides
  • Lifecycle disruptors
    o Chitin synthesis inhibitors
    o Juvenile-hormone analogs
  • Environmental (vacuum, sprays)
  • Cestocide if Dipylidium caninum present
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Frass=flea dirt

A
  • digested blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lice

A
  • HIGHLY host specific
  • NOT zoonotic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chewing lice examples

A
  • Trichodectes canis: dogs
  • Felicola subrostratus: cats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Suckling lice

A
  • Linognathus setosus: DOGS
  • *none in cats
17
Q

Chewing lice: head morphology

A
  • Bigger heads
  • Mouth parts=perfectly aligned for host hair
18
Q

Sucking lice: head morphology

A
  • Smaller head
19
Q

Life cycle of lice

A
  • *everything on host
  • Adults: blood, feed (sucking), dander (chewing)
  • Eggs: not susceptible to treatment (NITS), 1-2 weeks
  • Nymph 2-3 weeks till adults
20
Q

Pathogenesis of (lice)

A
  • No effects (carriers)
  • Dermatitis: head and back
  • Pruritus and hair loss
  • Anemia (sucking lice)
21
Q

Pathogen transmission (rare) of lice

A
  • Dog chewing louse IH for Dipylidium caninum
22
Q

Diagnosis of lice

A
  • Young, stressed pets
  • Older animals with concomitant diagnosis or neglect
  • Clinical appearance
  • Direct observation
  • Comb, tape +/- KOH digestion
  • Lice or nits
23
Q

What do you treat lice with?

A
  • Topical insecticides (shampoo, dips, spot-ons)
    o UNSAFE for cats
    o May have to re-treat in 1-2 weeks (nits resistant)
  • Many control products work on lice as a single application
  • Systemic treatments work better on sucking vs. chewing
24
Q

Human lice

A
  • Sucking lice ONLY
  • Head, body and pubic lice
  • Rarely found pets
  • EYES
  • Thick antennae
25
Q

Bot flies of dogs and cats

A
  • Cuterebra: rabbit bot fly
26
Q

Cuterebra spp. life cycle

A
  • Adults don’t feed=no mouth
    o lay eggs around entrance to burrow in spring
  • L1 enters through natural opening (nose, wound) of passing dog or cat
  • Develops from L1 to L3 in subcutaneous tissue of host for 3-7 weeks
  • Pupa overwinters in environment (often see them in cats or dogs)
27
Q

Cuterebra sp. Larva (ex. L3)

A
  • Will emerge out of breathing hole -> fall off -> pupate
  • *don’t squeeze them out=would cause systemic issues
28
Q

Health significance of Cuterbra

A
  • Generally little
  • Rarely: abscesses in SQ and brain
  • Rarely zoonotic (dermal and nasal)
29
Q

Cuterbra diagnosis

A
  • Swelling
  • Breathing hole
  • Larval emergence
  • Seasonal timing (late summer, fall)
30
Q

Treatment of cuterbra

A
  • EXCISE
    o Do NOT crush=anaphylaxis

PARASITOLOGY - 1 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions