102 - preterite and ch. 8 crap Flashcards
(-ar endings)
yo
-é
(-ar endings)
tú
-aste
(-ar endings)
él, ella, usted
-ó
(-ar endings)
nosotros
-amos
(-ar endings)
vosotros
-asteis
(-ar endings)
ellos, ellas, ustedes
-aron
(-er and -ir endings)
yo
-í
(-er and -ir endings)
tú
-iste
(-er and -ir endings)
él, ella, usted
-ió
(-er and -ir endings)
nosotros
-imos
(-er and -ir endings)
vosotros
-isteis
(-er and -ir endings)
ellos, ellas, ustedes
-ieron
… verbs that stem change in the present tense and … present tense stem-changing verbs do not stem-change in any other tenses including the preterite
- ar;
- er
… verbs that stem change int he present tense continue to have stem-changes
-ir verbs;
- ir verbs that stem change in the present tense continue to have stem changes:
- however, these stem changes occur only in the … and …
3rd person singular (el, ella, usted);
3rd person plural (ellos, ellas, ustedes)
-ir verbs that stem change in the present tense continue to have stem changes:
they follow the same stem changing pattern they have in the present progressive tense:
a. the O–>UE stem changers change to … as they did with the -ing form
b. and the e–> ie and the e–>i change to … as they did with the ing form
u;
i;
examples of stem changing verbs in preterite: ... (..., ...) ... (..., ...) ... (..., ...) ... (..., ...) ... (...., ...) ... (..., ...)
dormir; ue; u; morir; ue; u; servir; i; i; preferir; ie; i; repetir; i; i; pedir; i ;i
when both direct and indirect object pronouns are used int he same sentence, the … comes first (e.g. ella nos la recomendó a nosotros)
indirect object pronoun
when direct object pronouns lo, la, los, las comes after the indirect object pronouns le or les, this indirect object pronoun must be changed to …
se
spanish typically uses the adverbs … and … before an adjective to indicate that something has more or less of a particular quality
más;
menos
- usually … is used when making a comparison (e.g. mi coche es más grande [insert word from my answer] tu coche)
- the most common irregular comparatives and superlatives are those involving bueno and malo. the comparative and superlative forms are … and …
- the forms … and … can also be used as irregular comparatives and superlatives when referring to age
que; mejor; peor; mayor; menor *note: when saying "the worst" it would just change to "el peor" rather than simply "peor". likewise, when saying "oldest" it would be "el mayor" rather than just mayor
… is sometimes considered to be an optional superlative of malo and … such a superlative of grande
pésimo;
máximo
in expressions of equality, we use …. to express “as many (‘things’ - noun/s) as” or “as much (‘stuff’ noun) as”
- the structure in a sentence would be …
tanto/a/os/as …. como;
tanto/a/os/as [noun/s] como
tanto is an …
adjective
we use the expression … when comparing characteristics and personality traits. it means “as (adjective or adverb) as”
tan…como
tan is an …
adverb
when we want to say we do something as much as another person (or thing) we put … together as a phrase. in this case, the word we use here doesn’t change since it is being used as an adverb
tanto como
when the comparison involves a numerical expression, … is used instead of que (e.g. más [insert answer] cincuenta pesos)
de