10.2 Hormonal regulation during Lactogenesis

Question 1

Initiates & maintains lactogenesis

Answer 1

prolactin

Question 2

Provides substrates
- AA
- FA
- CHO

& minerals (Ca, Mg) for milk synthesis

Answer 2

1. GH
2. IGF-1
3. cortisol
4. insulin PTH

Question 3

Initiates & maintains lactogenesis

• stimulates MG alveolar cell gene transcription for milk component production

Answer 3

prolactin

Question 4

Inhibits lactogenesis

• lowers towards end of pregnancy which triggers lactogenesis with prolactin secretion

Answer 4

Progesterone

Question 5

Inhibits lactogenesis

Answer 5

estrogen

Question 6

(2) that stimulate lactogenesis

Answer 6

1. GCCS
2. Insulin & GH

Question 7

Mobilizes Ca needed for milk synthesis

Answer 7

parathormone

Question 8

In parturition, as progesterone decreases, estrogen ______.

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

During the course of pregnancy, _____ increases even during near parturition

Answer 9

prolactin

Question 10

______ level is high during parturition; and the growth hormone secretion during the later part of the pregnancy increases, this would be needed a few days during the course of lactation.

Answer 10

Glucocorticoid

Question 11

Immediately after birth of offspring/s, Estrogen & Progesterone secretion _____

Answer 11

lowers

Question 12

Immediately after birth of offspring/s, PROLACTIN assume its _____ effect.

Answer 12

lactogenic effect

Question 13

Stages of lactogenesis (2):

• wherein the mammary gland alveolar cells are increasing the uptake of substrates for milk synthesis.
• There are also enzymatic changes in alveolar cells in order to ensure that there would be production of these
  substrates for milk production → increasing the synthesis of enzymes such as:
• fatty acid synthetase,
• acetyl coA carboxylase

Answer 13

STAGE 1

Question 14

During 1st stage, what is being secreted would be
the ______ which is very rich in immunoglobulins.

This usually occurs a few days or weeks before parturition; and the duration is usually longer for this stagqe.

Answer 14

COLOSTRUM

Question 15

Stages of lactogenesis (2):

the copious secretion of milk components

The secretion would include the milk; and formation of different components of milk such as lactose, albumin, proteins, fats and minerals present there.

The 2nd stage would be shorter compared to colostrum production

Answer 15

STAGE 2

Question 16

The different substrates in ruminants utilized and the different components of milk in order
to produce the milk protein, milk fat, carbohydrate in milk (lactose): (3)

Answer 16

1. fatty acids
2. amino acids
3. minerals
   - Ca
   - Mg
   - vitamins
   - water