102: Heritage and Doctrine Flashcards
102.1
State and discuss the 6 areas that comprise Naval Doctrine
- Naval Command and Control: information needs of commander, forces, and weapons systems
- Naval Operations: reaffirms the foundation of USN/MC expeditionary maritime traditions
- Naval Warfare: nature and principle of naval forces
- Naval Logistics: full range of movement capabilities
- Naval Intelligence: meets the requirements for regional conflicts and operations other than war
- Naval Planning: examines the relationship between capabilities and operational planning
remember COWLIP
102.2
State the 7 principles of Naval Logistics
- Flexibility: adapt to changing conditions
- Economy: employing support assets effectively
- Attainability: acquiring the minimum essential support to begin combat operations
- Responsiveness: right support, right time, right place
- Simplicity: avoiding unnecessary complexity
- Sustainability: providing support for the duration of the mission
- Survivability: infrastructure prevails in spite of degradation and damage
remember FEARSSS
102.3
State the first navy ship named after an enlisted man and why
USS Osmond Ingram (DD255)
Ingram was the first enlisted man killed in action in WWI
102.4
State the name of the first submarine used in Naval Warfare
The Turtle
102.5
Name the first US flagship and who was in command of the flotilla
Continental Ship ALFRED
commanded by Commodore Esek Hopkins
102.6
Discuss the conditions that led to the formation of the US Navy
- 13 Oct 1775
- Second Continental Congress purchased two vessels
- Commander in Chief Esek Hopkins put the first squadron to sea in Feb 1776
102.7
What 3 classes of naval vessels existed at the inception of the US Navy?
- Ships-of-the-line: 64-100+ guns
- Frigates: 28-44 guns
- Sloops-of-war: 10-20 guns
102.8a
Discuss Hand Salute
- probably originated when men in armor raised their helmet visors to be identified
- given with the right hand, unless encumbered
- when in doubt, salute
102.8b
Discuss Saluting the Ensign
- coming onboard Navy ship
- leaving Navy ship
- passing an ensign being carried in military formation
- during morning/evening colors
102.8c
Discuss Dipping the Ensign
- merchant ships salute to Navy ships
- colors lowered to half-mast
- naval vessels never salute first
102.8d
Discuss Gun Salute
- 21 guns on Washington’s birthday, Memorial Day, and Independence Day
- 17 guns for Admirals
- 15 guns for Vice Admiral
- 13 guns for Rear Admiral (UH)
- 11 guns for Commodore/ Rear Admiral (LH)
-always fired in odd numbers at 5 second intervals
102.9a
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Coral Sea
- 7-8 May 1942
- first carrier vs carrier battle
- two fleets never saw each other
- USS Lexington was sunk; Yorktown was damaged
102.9b
Discuss the importance of the Voyage of the Great White Fleet
- 16 Dec 1907
- round-the-world cruise to display the power of the US Navy
102.9c
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Normandy
- 6 June 1944
- largest amphibious operation in history
- Yorktown was sank
102.9d
Discuss the importance of Midway
- 4-7 June 1942
- turning point of the Pacific war
- US broke Japanese naval code
- Yorktown sank
102.9e
Discuss the importance of Guadalcanal
- 13-15 Nov 1942
- loss of the 5 Sullivan brothers on USS Juneau
- separation of family policy was reinstated because of this
102.9f
Discuss the importance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf
- 23 Oct 1944
- last major battle of WWII
- Japanese loss of the Philippines (their main supply source) severed their empire
102.10a
Discuss Mercury 3 and the sailors involved
- 5 May 1961
- Alan B. Shepard
- first US manned space flight
102.10b
Discuss Gemini 3 and the sailors involved
- 23 Mar 1965
- John W. Young
- first US 2-man space mission; completed 3 Earth orbits
102.10c
Discuss Apollo 11 and the sailors involved
- 16-24 Jul 1969
- Neil A. Armstrong
- first manned lunar landing
102.10d
Discuss Apollo 17 and the sailors involved
- 7-19 Dec 1972
- Eugene A. Cernan & Ronald E. Evans
- 7th and final lunar landing mission
102.10e
Discuss STS-1 and the sailors involved
- 12-14 Apr 1981
- John W. Young & Robert L. Crippen
- 1st orbital test flight of a space shuttle; all Navy crew
102.11a
Discuss the On-the-Roof-Gang in relation to IW
- foundation of CT community
- 176 enlisted radio operators working in a shack on top of the old Navy Department Building in DC
102.11b
Discuss The Purple Code in relation to IW
cipher used by Japanese Foreign Office named for the color binder it was kept in
102.11c
Discuss the Battle of Midway in relation to IW
- US cryptographers uncovered Japanese plan to ambush carriers & allowed them to plan their own ambush
- first time IW had its place in the war
102.11d
Discuss the Attack on the USS Liberty in relation to IW
- 8 Jun 1967
- attacked by Israelis in the Mediterranean Sea who claimed to have mistaken it for an enemy ship
- 34 dead, 174 injured
102.11e
Discuss the Capture of the USS Pueblo as it relates to IW
- 23 Jan 1968
- captured by N Korea
- crew initiated emergency destruct
- crew held for 11 months
- largest single loss of sensitive material
102.11f
Discuss D-Day Landing as it relates to IW
- 6 Jun 1944
- deception operation using fictitious First US Army Group
- 2 years in planning
102.11g
Discuss Landing at Inchon as it relates to IW
CIA-military intelligence placed a team at Inchon 7 days before communists crossed the 38th parallel and attempted to take Seoul
102.11h
Discuss Hainan Island EP-3 Incident as it relates to IW
- 1 Apr 2001
- EP-3 collided with a Chinese fighter and was forced to land in the People’s Republic of China
- crew initiated emergency destruct
- crew held for 10 days
102.11i
Discuss Bletchley Park as it relates to IW
Britain’s crypto center where the ENIGMA cypher was broken
102.11j
Discuss the Navajo Code Talkers as it relates to IW
- 1942-1945
- code that Japanese never broke
- transmitted messages in their native language in every assault the Marines conducted in the Pacific
102.11k
Discuss the Attack on the USS Stark as it relates to IW
- 17 Mar 1987
- Iraqi jet fighter fired missiles at USS Stark
- only successful anti-ship missile attack on a US Navy warship
102.11l
Discuss EC-121 Shoot down as it relates to IW
- 15 Apr 1969
- shot down by N Korean MiG during SIGINT recon mission
- all 31 crew members were killed
- led Navy to provide unarmed aircraft with higher protection
102.12
State the qualities that characterize the Navy/Marine Corps team as instruments to support national policies
- readiness
- flexibility
- self-sustainability
- mobility
102.13
State the 3 levels of war
- Tactical: involves individual engagements
- Operational: concerns forces collectively
- Strategic: supports national goals
102.14
Discuss the National Security Act of 1947
- established a clear line between domestic and foreign intelligence
- establish the CIA and NSC
- merged the Navy Department and the War Department into a single DoD under the SECDEF
102.15
State when and why the current Navy Core Values were developed
1992 by Admiral Kelso to provide principles to guide the conduct of sailors
102.16
Discuss when and why the Sailor’s Creed was developed
1993 by Admiral Frank Kelso to remind all naval personnel that they are sailors first, impacting unity
102.17
State RADM Grace Hopper’s contributions to the US Navy
- developed the Mark I computer
- developed the Bomarc compiler system
- credited with the computer term “bug” and “debugged”
- co-invented the COBOL programming language
102.18
State the name of the first computer and where it was located
ENIAC at the University of Pennsylvania
ABC at Iowa State College was ruled as the first by a judge, but it never became fully functional so most people accept ENIAC as the first functional computer
102.19
Discuss ARPANET and when it was developed
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (APRANET)
- network used by DARPA
- development started in 1966 and the first e-mail was sent in 1972
- predecessor to the global internet
102.20
Explain the impact of the John Walker espionage case
- he was a spy for the Russians from 1968 to 1985 along with his brother, son, and friend
- compromised US navy cryptographic systems and classified information
- single most damaging espionage case for the US Navy
- led to the appointment of the first Director of Counterintelligence
102.21
State the oldest intelligence organization in the US Navy
Office of Naval Intelligence
102.22
Explain when ONI was established and by whom it was founded
23 Mar 1882 by SECNAV William H. Hunt
102.23
State the first CIO/DNI
LT Theodorus B. M. Mason
Chief Intelligence Officer (CIO) was later renamed Director of Naval Intelligence (DNI)
102.24
Name the 2 departments that were combined to form the ONI
the Department Library and the Office of Intelligence
102.25
Explain Alan Turing’s contributions to the Information Warfare field
- invented the Turing Machine (precursor to the modern computer)
- decoded the German enigma encryption and German Navy codes
- detailed the Turing test, which was the basis for AI
102.26
Discuss the importance of character related to IW professionals
IW professionals are held to the highest standards when it comes to our character. Flaws in our character don’t just make us disliked as normal people, it could lead to catastrophic national consequences. Choosing IW professionals with good character and integrity helps the Navy avoid people like John Walker and keep our nation and sailors safe.
102.27
Describe why core values are critical to IW missions
Honor, courage, and commitment values are important for the same reasons that character is important. We must adopt these values within ourselves and put them into practice daily no matter how small a situation may seem because one day it can be a matter of life or death.
