100 Top Secrets (4) Flashcards
When to screen for colorectal CA
> 50y/o; colonoscopy q 10y
When to screen for colon, prostate CA
> 40y/o; DRE annually
When to screen for cervical CA
at 21y/o regardless of sexual activity; test annually then q 2-3years for women >30y/o who have had 3 negative cytology tests
When to screen endometrial CA
menopause by endometrial biopsy
When to do Mammography
> 40y/o annually
S/E of antipsychotics
acute dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, hyperprolactinemia
Tx of acute dystonia from antipsychotic usage
antihistamines or anticholinergics
Drugs that are fatal in withdrawal
Alcohol, Barbituates, and Benzodiazepines
Drugs that are fatal in OD
alcohol, cocaine, opiates, barbituates, benzodiazepines, PCP and inhalants
PCOS
associated with heavy women, hirsutism and amenorrheic. Most common dysfunctional uterine bleeding
increased endometrial cancer risk from unopposed estrogen
Fetal/neonatal macrosomia
caused by maternal diabetes
Tx of maternal diabetes
insulin and change in diet
Causes of low maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein
Down, inaccurate dates (most common), fetal demise
Causes of high maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein
neural tube defects, ventral wall defects (omphalocele, gastroschisis), inaccurate dates (most common), mult gestation
When to obtain alpha-fetoprotein levels
16-20weeks gestation
HTN + proteinuria in pregnancy
preeclampsia
(+) pregnancy test + vaginal bleeding + abdominal pain
Ectopic Pregnancy
Early decelerations during maternofetal monitoring
normal and caused by head compression
Variable decelerations during maternofetal monitoring
common, usually caused by cord compression (turn mother on her side, give O2 & fluids, stop oxytocin)
Late decelerations during maternofetal monitoring
uteroplacental insufficiency - turn mother on her side, O2 & fluids, stop oxytocin and measure fetal O2 saturation or scalph pH. Prepare prompt delivery
What to do in 3rd trimester bleeding
perform an ultrasound before pelvic examination (it could be placenta previa)
Most common cause of post partum bleeding
Uterine Atony from overdistention, prolonged labor, oxytocin usage
most common preventable cause of infertility in US
Pelvic inflammatory disease
RUQ pain
GB/biliary (cholecystitis, cholangitis) or liver (abscess)
LUQ pain
spleen (rupture with blunt trauma)
RLQ pain
appendcitis, PID
LLQ pain
Sigmoid colon (diverticulitis), PID
Epigastric area
Stomach (peptic ulcer) or pancreatitis
