100 Top Secrets (10)

Question 1

Beck triad

Answer 1

JVD, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension (cardiac tamponade)

Question 2

Brudzinski sign

Answer 2

Pain on neck flexion with meningeal irritation (meningitis)

Question 3

Charcot triad

Answer 3

Fever/chills, jaundice, right upper quadrant pain (cholangitis)

Question 4

Chvostek sign

Answer 4

Tapping on facial nerve elicits tetany (hypocalcemia)

Question 5

Courvoisier sign

Answer 5

Painless, palpable gallbladder plus jaundice (pancreatic cancer)

Question 6

Cullen sign

Answer 6

Bluish discoloration of periumbilical area (pancreatitis with retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

Question 7

Cushing reflex

Answer 7

Hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations (high intracranial pressure)

Question 8

Grey Turner sign

Answer 8

Bluish discoloration of flank (pancreatitis with retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

Question 9

Homans sign

Answer 9

Calf pain with forced dorsiflexion of the foot (DVT)

Question 10

Kehr sign

Answer 10

Pain of left shoulder (ruptured spleen)

Question 11

Leriche syndrome

Answer 11

Claudication and atrophy of the buttocks with impotence (aortoiliac occlusive disease)

Question 12

McBurney sign

Answer 12

Tenderness at McBurney point (appendicitis)

Question 13

Murphy sign

Answer 13

Arrest of inspiration during palpation under rib cage on right (cholecystitis)

Question 14

Ortolani sign/test

Answer 14

Abducting an infant’s flexed hips causes a palpable/audible click (congenital hip dysplasia)

Question 15

Prehn sign

Answer 15

Elevation of a painful testicle relieves pain (epididymitis)

Pain stays the same or worsens with testicular torsion

Question 16

Rovsing sign

Answer 16

Pushing your hand on left lower quadrant then releasing your hand produces pain at McBurney point (appendicitis)

Question 17

Tinel sign

Answer 17

Tapping volar surface of wrist elicits paresthesias (carpal tunnel syndrome)

Question 18

Trousseau sign

Answer 18

Pumping of blood pressure cuff causes carpopedal spasm (tetany from hypocalcemia)

Question 19

Virchow triad

Answer 19

Stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability (risks for DVT)

Question 20

Babinski sign

Answer 20

Stroking bottom of foot yields extension of big toe and fanning of other toes is upper motor neuron lesion