10 Week Tests Section B 3 Long Questions Flashcards
Question one
explain the Nazi Soviet pact
and and what happened in the Battle of Stalingrad
The Nazi-soviet pact
Nazis and communists were always bitter enemies. But Hitler and Stalin didn’t want to fight each other yet.
So they signed the Nazi Soviet pact in 1939.
They agreed to a 10-year non-aggression pact
and they also secretly agreed to divide Poland between them.
The pact meant hitler could attack Poland without having to fight Soviet Union. It also meant that Stalin could prepare for a future war with Hitler
The battle of stalingrad
In 1942, Hitler’s armies advanced towards Stalingrad and the oil fields of the Caucasus.
Their Advanced was stopped at the Battle of Stalingrad.
The German army under von paulus faught Street battles with the Russian army defending The City.
Stalin insisted the city must not be lost. The Russians then attacked from the sides in a pincer movement and cut off the German army in the City from their supplies.
Hitler continued to supply them with air drops but the army suffered greatly in the freezing winter of 1942 to 43.
eventually over 100,000 German soldiers were forced to surrender in February 1943
Question 2
the Holocaust the causes and consequences
The Holocaust with the deliberate Killing of millions of Jews and others by the Nazis before and during World War II
The causes of the Holocaust were as follows:
rise of Nazis to power:
Nazi propaganda:
Propaganda was used against the Jews. the Nazis passed harsh laws against them and also organised pogroms
failure of Évian Conference
nazi conquest of Europe
concentration and extermination camps
Wannsee conference
Nazi racial theories:
Hitler and the Nazis were strongly influenced by racial ideas or racism. They directed their hatred towards the Jews and other groups
The consequences of the holocaust:
About 6 million Jews were killed
the Nuremberg war crimes trials were held after the war to try nazi leaders for crimes committed during the Holocaust.
Jews after the war were displaced persons.
Pressure to deal with Jewish emigration led to the Foundation of Israel in 1948.
The establishment of Israel led to a series of Wars between the country and neighbouring Arab States.
Over the Decades that followed ordinary Germans struggled with the holocausts bitter Legacy
Question 3 The Cold War the superpowers and the Space Race Why was it important
One of the results of World War II was the rise of two superpowers the USA and the USSR. They both had huge resources of population, raw materials and Industry.
They were called superpowers because now they were much more powerful than Britain, France, Germany, Italy and Japan.
Because the two countries were so powerful, they dragged other countries into the dispute as allies or supporters.
This tension was the cause of crises.
these crises brought the world to the brink of a third world war on a number of occasions between 1945 and 1991
The USA and the USSR had two different systems of government and Society.
The USA and the Soviet Union competed in an arms race as each side built hydrogen bombs and intercontinental ballistic missiles the.
Cold war was important because of the danger of nuclear war
The Cold War influence the Space Race. The soviets lead the Space Race by putting the first satellite and the first man into space.
the success of the soviets forced the Americans to invest heavily in getting the first man on the Moon which they succeeded in in 1969th
Why did the USA and USSR not fight eachother during WWII
Different ways of life differences and what each side believed
There was some disagreements during World War II but the most serious disagreements occurred after the war.
The Soviet Union took over control of countries in eastern Europe such as Poland and Hungary to create a buffer (or defensive) Zone with the west.
These became Soviet satellite States which Churchill said were behind an iron Curtain.
The USA developed the Marshall Plan to help Europe recover after the war
the US President Truman stated his view in The Truman doctrine that the US would help any governments threatened by communism
The Cold war was a conflict about which way of life was better
the way of life in America and it’s allies were very different to the way of life in the USSR and its allies
each side believed that the other was trying to destroy its way of life.
Hitler and the Jews
The Nazis were strongly influenced by racial ideas or racism.
They Directed their hatred toward the Jews and other groups
the Nazis believed the Germans were the pure blooded aryan race the - master race (herrenvolk)
they regarded the Jews as inferior Jews (untermenschen - subhuman )
Jewish children were badly treated in schools
Jewish shops were boycotting 1933
they were banned from the Civil Service universities and from journalism
the Nuremberg laws were passed in 1935 for the Promotion of German blood and honour
Hitler’s rise to power
Hitler join the German workers party after WWI and took over leadership and changed it’s name to the National socialist German workers’ party (nsdap) popularly known as the Nazi party.
After the Great Depression in Germany in 1929 the popularity of the Nazi Party soared.
the party became the largest party in the Reichstag (German parliament) and in January 1933 Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany
Hitler eliminated the SA who opposed his power in the Night of the Long Knives (30th of June 1934)
The SS were used to kill the leader of the SA
in August 1934 President Hindenburg died, hitler then combined the positions of President and Chancellor as one office and became der führer (the leader)
