10 Memory Flashcards

1
Q

What is memory?

A

the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is amnesia?

A

a defect in one or more of the three processes of memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The conscious retrieval of information is known as…?

A

explicit or declarative memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two types of explicit memory?

A

episodic and semantic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the recollection of past events with a sense of personal familiarity?

A

episodic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is semantic memory?

A

Memory for general declarative information such as vocabulary or arithmetic facts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the definition of short term memory?

A

memories held more or less continuously in consciousness, and for a very brief interval thereafter (about 40 sec)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the definition of long term memory?

A

memory retrieved after delays longer than a minute and/or after the material has departed from consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Long term and short term memory are types of…?

A

episodic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of amnesia involves the loss of explicit memory for events occurring subsequent to a neurologic event?

A

anterograde amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of amnesia involves the loss of explicit memory for events which occurred prior to a neurologic event?

A

retrograde amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of memory refers to the facilitation of current behavior by past experience, even when there is no conscious recall of that experience?

A

implicit memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the two major forms of implicit memory?

A

procedural memory and priming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is procedural memory?

A

the phenomenon whereby repeated performance of a motor act enhances and automates future skill for the same act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is perceptual priming?

A

a short-lived enhancement of perceptually-based performance after recent exposure to visually similar material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is defined as the orientation to and action upon selected sensory percepts and cognitive operations?

A

attention

17
Q

What two processes do learning and memory involve at the neuronal level?

A

a) alterations in synaptic firing patterns

b) alterations in cellular morphology

18
Q

What is impaired in medial temporal lobe amnesia?

A

long-term episodic memory across sensory modalities, anterograde completely impaired, graded retrograde impairment

19
Q

What is intact in medial temporal lobe amnesia?

A

sensory and motor functions, perception, attention, language, intellect, short term memory, implicit memory

20
Q

Which circuit is involved in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

A

the Papez circuit

21
Q

What are the components of the Papez circuit?

A

hippocampus, fornix, mamillary bodies, medial dorsal thalamic nucleus

22
Q

What type of memory involves temporary alteration in synaptic activity for storing and manipulating information?

A

working memory

23
Q

T/F: Implicit memory depends on specialized systems of neurons whose only function is to store rather than process information

A

F; implicit memory results from changes in neurons that are themselves components of the perceptual or behavioral pathway.

24
Q

What are the three dimensions that can be used to classify memory impairments?

A

Cognitive context, content or domain, and onset and course

25
Q

In which type of amnesia is memory capacity retained, but memory systems poorly utilized (i.e. the patient “forgets to remember”)?

A

frontal dysexecutive amnesia

26
Q

What is transient global amnesia?

A

sudden onset of anterograde and retrograde amnesia, with duration <24 hours