10- Goal Setting

Question 1

Benefits of setting targets

Answer 1

Setting targets improves performance because:
■ Allows targets to be met
■ Builds confidence
■ Provides motivation- become task persistent
■ Lowers arousal
■ Reduces social loafing
■ Sustains effort

Question 2

Outcome goals

Answer 2

■ Outcome Goals- Football
■ A goal set against the performance of others and based on a result
■ Winning the FA cup or Olympics

■ In this performance the standard of the performance and the process of the
performance is secondary to the result.
■ A team could perform poorly but scrape the victory and this is a success
■ If this is achievable it maintains motivation and focus

Question 3

Product/ Task orientated goals

Answer 3

Product/ Task orientated goals- Athletics
■ Focussed on getting a better performance
■ Looks for improvements in technique
■ You can lose the event but still get success which maintains motivation
■ You could improve your PB or accurately replicate a skill

Question 4

Performance goals

Answer 4

Setting a PB
■ When the athlete sets a goal to better their own performance rather than comparing
to others.
■ Sometimes it can be broken down into smaller aspects of the skill like a faster
reaction time or better arm action

Question 5

Process goals

Answer 5

■ Based on improving technique
■ Improvement in a certain piece of technique should improve the overall skill
■ A better arm movement on a pass or wrapped foot on a cross

Question 6

Goals

Answer 6

-They should include both process and performance goals
-Performers should focus on performance goals to maintain motivation looking at
improvement and technique
-Solely outcome based performance might damage motivation if the task is seen as
unachievable
-Performance goals reduce anxiety and provide consistent motivation
-Outcome goals focus on gaining a prize and providing a basis for comparison, they cause
more stress
-Short term goals provide a means for reassurance

Question 7

Smarter principles

Answer 7

> S- Specific. Goals should be clear and concise ,perhaps using data. These should allow specific
improvement to be made. E.g. Improving defence is too vague ,but improving shoulder contact is
more specific
M- Measured. Using assessment to obtain data allows comparison and progress to be identified
A- Achievable. The performer should be able to reach their goal. Motivation is maintained.
R- Realistic. The goals need be a reachable to maintain motivation
T- Time Bound. Short and Long term goals need to be identified so all concerned have a deadline
to keep to
E- Evaluate. The performer and coach should evaluate how the goal was achieved. What worked
well and what didn’t what work ons to do etc
R- Re-do. If the goal isn’t achieved or is slow it can be repeated, or the target altered if needs be