10. Genetics and Evolution

Question 1

10.1 What occurs during synapsis?

Answer 1

Homo chromos become connected in synapses, while this happens non-sister chromatins may break and recombone

Question 2

10.1 Draw a diagram to show chiasmata

Question 3

10.1 Chromosome Terms

Answer 3

Bivalent: A pair of homo chromos in synapsid
Sister Chromatids: identical strands of DNA, connected @ centrosomes

Question 4

10.2 What is segregation (genes)?

Answer 4

Alleless of a gene seperate into different gametes

Question 5

10.2 What is independent assortment?

Answer 5

Different genes move independently of eachother.

Linked genes do not independently assort

Question 6

10.2 Types of variation?

Answer 6

Discrete:
- Distinct cateogories
- Tends to be qualitiative

(ex: eye color)

Controlled by few genes

Contineous
- tends to be qualitiative
(ex: finger length)

Controlled by a lot of genes and environment

Question 7

10.2 What is polygenetic inheritence?

Answer 7

Characteristics determined by many genes:
BBcc = same phenotype as BbCc

Question 8

10.2 What are linked genes?

Answer 8

A group of genes whose loci are close together on the same chromosome so the alleles cannot be seperated (instead of foil its just two options)

Question 9

10.3 What is a gene pool?

Answer 9

All possible genes of an interbreeding population

Question 10

10.3 What are the patterns of evolution?

Answer 10

Stabalizing: Favors midpoint
Disruptive: Extremes-favored
Directional: one-sides

Question 11

10.3 Theories of evolutional timing

Answer 11

Gradual: evolution takes lots of time (intermediate stages exsists)
- little to no fossil evidence of intermiedate stages

Puncuated Equalibirum
Periods of relative stability puncatated by change (rapid evolution)