10-Anxiety

Question 1

Anxiety

Answer 1

Normal reaction to stress

Involves stress response (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal -HPA axis)

Question 2

Anxiety Disorder

Answer 2

Anxiety/fear that is out of proportion to the situation

Affects ability to function normally

Long term, difficult to control, not linked to another medical/psychiatric disorder

Question 3

GAD

Answer 3

Persistent and excessive worry about everyday things

Question 4

Panic Disorder

Answer 4

Recurrent panic attacks

with severe physiological symptoms

Question 5

Social Anxiety Disorder

Answer 5

Fear of being embarrassed, rejected, in social situation

Question 6

Phobias

Answer 6

Circumstances that are not harmful

Question 7

GABA and Axiety

Answer 7

Reduced GABAergic signalling

Question 8

5-HT and Anxiety

Answer 8

Low 5-HT linked with anxiety

Question 9

NE and Anxiety

Answer 9

High NE linked with anxiety through activation of beta adrenergic receptors

Question 10

DA and Anxiety

Answer 10

Low DA linked with anxiety

Possibly via impaired PFC control of amygdala

DA transporter and receptors are lower in anxiety disorders

Question 11

Diazepam

Answer 11

Immediate release

BDZ (anxiety)

Question 12

Alprazolam

Answer 12

Immediate release

GAD, Panic disorder

Question 13

Lorazepam

Answer 13

Immediate release, sublingual tablet, injection

Question 14

BDZ for Anxiety

Answer 14

All have potential adverse effects of sedation and amnesia

Controlled substances

Have potential for tolerance and dependence

Question 15

Buspirone

Answer 15

GAD

Immediate release tablet

Can take 4+ week to see effects

Agonist at 5-HT1A (Presynaptic autoreceptor—> decrease 5-HT release)

Antagonist at D2 (presynaptic autoreceptor (increases DA release)