10/6/12

Question 0

On what arm of what chromosome is the tumor supressor gene BRCA-1 located?

Answer 0

17q

Question 1

Which autoimmune disease is associated w/ myocardial fibrosis?

Answer 1

systemic sclerosis

Question 2

Where is the VHL gene located?

Answer 2

3p

Question 3

Where is the APC gene located?

Answer 3

5q

Question 4

What chromosome is the frataxin gene located on?

Answer 4

9

Question 5

On which chromosome is the DPC (pancreatic cancer) gene located?

Answer 5

18

Question 6

What do heaves indicate on a cardiac exam?

Answer 6

ventricular hypertrophy

Question 7

Where would the heave of right ventricular be felt?

Answer 7

left parasternal area

Question 8

Describe the heave of LV hypertrophy?

Answer 8

sustained apical heave

Question 9

Palsy of upward gaze, dissociation of light an d accomodation, and failure of convergence indicate compression of the _______.

Answer 9

tectum

Question 10

What kind of childhood brain tumor would present w/ headache, nausea, vomiting, and papilledema along w/ cerebellar signs such as ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, and intention tremor?

Answer 10

astrocytoma of the cerebellum

Question 11

What is the relationship between pressure, flow, and resistance?

Answer 11

P=QR

Question 12

What is TPR in terms of CO and MAP?

Answer 12

TPR = MAP/CO

Question 13

What is the most common means of drug-resistance transfer, esp. among Gram(-) bacilli?

Answer 13

F+ to F- conjugation (plasmid transfer)

Question 14

What is the means by which S. pneumoniae likely gain PBP mutations?

Answer 14

transformation

Question 15

What is the means by whic S. aureus is thought to gain methicillin resistance and P. aeruginosa imipenem resistance?

Answer 15

specialized transduction

Question 16

What are 3 important bacteria capable of natural transformation?

Answer 16

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Neisseria spp.

Question 17

What is the most common bacterial STD in America?

Answer 17

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 18

What cytokines, released by the Th1 cell, activate the cytotoxic T-cell?

Answer 18

IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-β

Question 19

What kind of hypersensitivity rxn is PID?

Answer 19

type IV

Question 20

What cytokines, released by Th2 cells, inhibit Th1 cells?

Answer 20

IL-4 and IL-10

Question 21

What cytokine, released by Th1 cells, inhibit Th2 cells?

Answer 21

IFNγ

Question 22

Defects in what enzyme could cause hypospadias and poor development of male genitalia?

Answer 22

α-reductase

Question 23

Drug of choice in uncomplicated Lyme disease?

Answer 23

doxycycline or amoxicillin

Question 24

What is the drug of choice in complicated lyme disease?

Answer 24

IV ceftriaxone

Question 25

The only non-competitive alpha-blocker used clinically is? What would be its uses?

Answer 25

phenoxybenzamine; malignant htn or pheochromocytoma

Question 26

What is PRAZOCIN?

Answer 26

competitive alpha-blocker

Question 27

What is phentolamine?

Answer 27

non-selective alpha-blocker

Question 28

What is the main difference in the activities of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Answer 28

NE does not stimulate β-2 (That’s why epinephrine is used for anaphylaxis!)

Question 29

What is the main clinical difference between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and subacute granulomatous thyroiditis?

Answer 29

DeQuervain’s is tender and Hashimoto’s is not.

Question 30

Which oral antifungal is typically used against dermatophytes, as it accumulates in the stratum corneum?

Answer 30

Griseofulvin

Question 31

Which antifungal is like a topical form of amphotericin B?

Answer 31

Nystatin

Question 32

Which azole crosses the BBB?

Answer 32

fluconazole

Question 33

Which antyifungal is used for invasive aspergillosis?

Answer 33

caspofungin

Question 34

Which antiprotozoan would you use for toxoplasmosis or malaria?

Answer 34

pyrimethamine