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Kaplan Qbank > 10/5/12 > Flashcards

10/5/12 Flashcards

1
Q

The secretion of which GI hormone from the duodenal mucosa occurs d/t stimulation by fat, protein, or carbs?

A

GIP

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2
Q

Fat and protein in the small intestine promote the release of what GI hromone?

A

CCK

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3
Q

The presence of protein in the antrum of the stomach promotes the release of _______.

A

gastrin

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4
Q

Low pH in the duodenum stimulates the release of _______.

A

secretin

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5
Q

What detrimental effect can CHF have on the liver?

A

centrilobular necrosis - mottled appearance of cut surface “nutmeg liver”

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of SEVERE malaria?

A

P. falciparum

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7
Q

What is the most common OVERALL cause of malaria?

A

P. vivax

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8
Q

What is the most common complication of P. vivax infection?

A

splenic rupture

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9
Q

On which side of the sternum is the aortic area for auscultation?

A

right!

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10
Q

What is opisthotonus?

A

tense arching of the whole body backward, as in tetanus

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11
Q

Which type of benign hyperbilirubinemia causes an increase in direct bilirubin?

A

Dubin is direct!

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12
Q

Does carpal tunnel syndrome affect cutaneous sensory innervation to the palm? Wy?

A

No, the superficial palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve passes superficial to the carpal tunnel.

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13
Q

What common childhood tumor that is often found in the head or neck is poorly differentiated w/ small, round cells and spindle cells?

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

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14
Q

What marker is used to stain rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

desmin

Imagine a rabid, sarcastic Desmin Morris, who has been bitten by a rabid ape.

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15
Q

The staining of neurofilaments is most commonly used to confirm the Dx of what tumor?

A

neuroblastoma (may also be used for pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromas, paragangliomas, and Merkel cell tumors)

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16
Q

What viral family fits this description: double-stranded RNA, naked, icosahedral? Example?

A

Reoviridae (e.g. rotavirus)

17
Q

Single-stranded DNA, naked, icosahedral virus family?

A

Parvovirus (Parvovirus is so small it can only carry 1 strand of DNA!)

18
Q

Provide the discription of the virion that fits all of the following: ortho- and para-myxoviridae, bunya-, rhabdo-, filo-, and arenaviridae.

A

(-) sense ssRNA, enveloped, helical

Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication.

19
Q

What viral family, other than orthomyxoviridae, can undergo anti genic shift d/t/ their segmented genome structure?

A

rotavirus

think of the cogwheel of the Rotary Club.

20
Q

What surface protein allows paramyxoviruses to create giant multinucleated cells?

A

F (fusion) protein

21
Q

What is the monoclonal Ab for F-protein?

A

Palavizumab

22
Q

Who is palavizumab given to and why?

A

Premature infants for pneumonia prophylaxis.

23
Q

What kind of immune reaction does Listeria monocytogenes induce?

A

Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

24
Q

What 5 organisms are urease-positive?

A

PUNCH

Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Cryptococcus, and Helicobacter.

25
Q

Triple therapy for H. pylori?

A

Omeprazole, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin

26
Q

What is the function of lumbrical muscles?

A

Extend the fingers at the interphalangeal joints

27
Q

Which nerve controls the first 2 lumbricals?

A

median n.

28
Q

What do the palmar and dorsal interosseus muscles do?

A

PAd and DAb

29
Q

What innervates the interossei?

A

ulnar n.

30
Q

What cyanotic heart malformation is associated w/ maternal diabetes?

A

transposition of the great vesels

31
Q

What class of Abx should be used to tx pregnant women w/ bartonella henselae?

A

macrolides

32
Q

A defect in pyrimidine synthesis could result in depostion of _______ crystals and resulting uropathy.

A

orotic acid

The pyramids figure largely in my orotic fantasies.

33
Q

What is the most common GI emergency in neonates?

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Kaplan Qbank (10 decks)

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