10/2/12

Question 1

How can tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitryptaline, be helpful in Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 1

strong anti-cholinergic effects

Question 2

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 2

Inability to recognize familiar faces (Gr. “prosopon” = face) (You still recognize that they are faces, though.)

Question 3

What is anosognosia?

Answer 3

Inability to recognize that you are ill. (Gr. “nosos” - illness)

Question 4

What is alexia?

Answer 4

Inability to read. (May or may not be accompanied by agraphia.)

Question 5

What type of glomerular disease is associated w/ a “tram-track” appearance of the glomerular BM?

Answer 5

membranoproliferative gn

Question 6

What diseases is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with?

Answer 6

HBV and HCV

Question 7

What unusual lab finding is type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (aka “dense-deposit disease”) associated with?

Answer 7

C3 nephritic factor

Question 8

What does C3 nephritic factor do?

Answer 8

stabilizes C3 convertase, leading to the cleavage of C3 and complement activation

Question 9

What lab abnormality is common to both types of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?

Answer 9

hypocomplementemia

Question 10

What are the 3 top causes of neonatal meningitis in order?

Answer 10

1. GBS
2. E. coli
3. Listeria

Question 11

dsDNA, naked, icosahedral virus family?

Answer 11

Adenovirus

Question 12

(-)-sense, ssRNA, non-segmented, helical, enveloped virus family? examples

Answer 12

Paramyxoviridae (RSV, measles, mumps, parainfluenza)

Question 13

(+)-sense, ssRNA, helical, enveloped virus family?

Answer 13

Corona virus (common cold, pharyngitis, SARS)

Question 14

(+)-sense, ssRNA, naked, icosahedral virus families?

Answer 14

Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae (Picornaviridae includes Rhinovirus)

Question 15

What injury would result in flattening of the thenar eminence and loss of function of the 1st and 2nd lumbricals?

Answer 15

median nerve injury at the wrist (would also cause loss of cutaneous sensation on palmar surface of hand of first 3.5 digits.)

Question 16

The pericardial space lies between what 2 layers?

Answer 16

between the 2 layers of the serous pericardium, the visceral and parietal pericardium. (The visceral pericardium is also known as the epicardium. The fibrous pericardium lies outside of both layers of the serous pericardium.)

Question 17

What is the man form in which the kidney excretes acid (and thereby compensates for acidosis)?

Answer 17

ammonium

Question 18

When is the AML M3 pt at greatest risk of DIC? Why?

Answer 18

after chemo and neoplastic cell lysis b/c Auer rods cause DIC.

Question 19

What keeps the ductus arteriosus open? What medication has the same action?

Answer 19

Prostaglandin E; alPROSTAdil

Question 20

Why is neonatal RDS more common in babies of diabetic mothers?

Answer 20

Insulin (produced in excess by the fetus) inhibits surfactant production.

Question 21

What is struvite, the matter that composes a staghorn calculus?

Answer 21

magnesium ammonium phosphate

Question 22

What nerves and blood vessels are present in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 22

Deep peroneal nerve and Ant. tibial a.

Question 23

What nerve and blood vessel are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 23

tibial n., post. tibial a.

also fibular a.

Question 24

What nerve and artery are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 24

superficial peroneal n., no aa.

Question 25

Which ion is the primary determinant of a neuron or cardiomyocyte’s resting potential?

Answer 25

K+

Question 26

If extracellular K+ is increased, will the membrane resting potential become more negative or more positive?

Answer 26

more positive

Question 27

Which glucose transporter is found in muscle and fat and responds to insulin?

Answer 27

GLUT 4
four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four. four. 4. four4.
Just like you have four legs, the muscles in those legs rely on GLUT 4.

Question 28

Where is GLUT 2 found?

Answer 28

liver, pancreas

Question 29

Homeobox gene mutations commonly result in what abnormAlities?

Answer 29

supernumerary ribs and digits

Question 30

How many half-lives will it take to reach 75% of the desired serum concentration?

Answer 30

2

Question 31

How do you calculate renal celarance (CL)?

Answer 31

(U * V) / P,

where U = urine conc, V = urine flow, and P = plasma conc

Question 32

What causes tinkling bowel sounds?

Answer 32

intestinal obstruction, of course!

Question 33

What is metoclopramide?

Answer 33

anti-emetic and gastric pro-kinetic

Question 34

In the folicular stage of the menstrual cycle, low levels of _______ initially decrease the production of FSH and LH through negative feedback. Subsequently increasing levels cause LH and FSH to surge.

Answer 34

estrogen