10/2/12 Flashcards
How can tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitryptaline, be helpful in Parkinson’s disease?
strong anti-cholinergic effects
What is prosopagnosia?
Inability to recognize familiar faces (Gr. “prosopon” = face) (You still recognize that they are faces, though.)
What is anosognosia?
Inability to recognize that you are ill. (Gr. “nosos” - illness)
What is alexia?
Inability to read. (May or may not be accompanied by agraphia.)
What type of glomerular disease is associated w/ a “tram-track” appearance of the glomerular BM?
membranoproliferative gn
What diseases is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with?
HBV and HCV
What unusual lab finding is type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (aka “dense-deposit disease”) associated with?
C3 nephritic factor
What does C3 nephritic factor do?
stabilizes C3 convertase, leading to the cleavage of C3 and complement activation
What lab abnormality is common to both types of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?
hypocomplementemia
What are the 3 top causes of neonatal meningitis in order?
- GBS
- E. coli
- Listeria
dsDNA, naked, icosahedral virus family?
Adenovirus
(-)-sense, ssRNA, non-segmented, helical, enveloped virus family? examples
Paramyxoviridae (RSV, measles, mumps, parainfluenza)
(+)-sense, ssRNA, helical, enveloped virus family?
Corona virus (common cold, pharyngitis, SARS)
(+)-sense, ssRNA, naked, icosahedral virus families?
Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae (Picornaviridae includes Rhinovirus)
What injury would result in flattening of the thenar eminence and loss of function of the 1st and 2nd lumbricals?
median nerve injury at the wrist (would also cause loss of cutaneous sensation on palmar surface of hand of first 3.5 digits.)
The pericardial space lies between what 2 layers?
between the 2 layers of the serous pericardium, the visceral and parietal pericardium. (The visceral pericardium is also known as the epicardium. The fibrous pericardium lies outside of both layers of the serous pericardium.)
What is the man form in which the kidney excretes acid (and thereby compensates for acidosis)?
ammonium
When is the AML M3 pt at greatest risk of DIC? Why?
after chemo and neoplastic cell lysis b/c Auer rods cause DIC.
What keeps the ductus arteriosus open? What medication has the same action?
Prostaglandin E; alPROSTAdil
Why is neonatal RDS more common in babies of diabetic mothers?
Insulin (produced in excess by the fetus) inhibits surfactant production.
What is struvite, the matter that composes a staghorn calculus?
magnesium ammonium phosphate
What nerves and blood vessels are present in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Deep peroneal nerve and Ant. tibial a.
What nerve and blood vessel are in the posterior compartment of the leg?
tibial n., post. tibial a.
also fibular a.
What nerve and artery are in the lateral compartment of the leg?
superficial peroneal n., no aa.
Which ion is the primary determinant of a neuron or cardiomyocyte’s resting potential?
K+
If extracellular K+ is increased, will the membrane resting potential become more negative or more positive?
more positive
Which glucose transporter is found in muscle and fat and responds to insulin?
GLUT 4
four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four 4 four. four. 4. four4.
Just like you have four legs, the muscles in those legs rely on GLUT 4.
Where is GLUT 2 found?
liver, pancreas
Homeobox gene mutations commonly result in what abnormAlities?
supernumerary ribs and digits
How many half-lives will it take to reach 75% of the desired serum concentration?
2
How do you calculate renal celarance (CL)?
(U * V) / P,
where U = urine conc, V = urine flow, and P = plasma conc
What causes tinkling bowel sounds?
intestinal obstruction, of course!
What is metoclopramide?
anti-emetic and gastric pro-kinetic
In the folicular stage of the menstrual cycle, low levels of _______ initially decrease the production of FSH and LH through negative feedback. Subsequently increasing levels cause LH and FSH to surge.
estrogen
