1) Tibia, Fibula, Foot Intro Flashcards
The tibia transfers 85% of weight between
Femur and Talus
The tibia articulates proximally with
Femur
The tibia articulates proximally and distally with
Fibula
The tibia articulates inferiorly with
Talus
The medial condyle is
Larger than the lateral
Oval shaped
The lateral condyle is
Smaller than the medial
Circular shaped
The lateral condyle has what facet?
Fibular facet
The fibular facet of the Tibia articulates with
Fibular head
The intercondylar eminence is located
between condyles
Intercondylar eminence has what tubercles?
Medial intercondylar tubercle
Lateral intercondylar tubercle
Anterior and Posterior Intercondylar Fossae serve as sites of attachment for
Cruciate Ligaments
Horns of Menisci
The tibial tuberosity serves as a site of attachent for
The patellar ligament
Gerdy’s tubercle AKA
Tubercle of Iliotibial tract
Gerdy;s Tubercle is located
Lateral to the tibial tuberosity and patellar apex (when knee ext)
The IT tract attaches at
Gerdy’s Tubercle
The posterior proximal end of the Tibia has a groove for
Semimembranosus tendon
condyle
The groove for semimembranosus tendon is located on
posteromedial edge of the medial
The posterior proximal end of the Tibia has what facet?
Fibular articular facet
The fibular articular facet is located on
Lateral condyle
The fibular articular facet articulates with
Fibular head
The Tibial Shaft runs from
The tibial tuberosity to the fibular notch
The anterior border of the Tibia is
Subcutaneous
VERY palpable
The lateral border of the Tibia is AKA
the interosseus
The lateral border of the Tibia is the site of attachment of
The interosseus membrane
The medial border of the Tibia is
Palpable
Medial surface of the tibial shaft
Faces anteromedially
Subcutaneous
VERY palpable
Lateral surface of the tibial shaft is the site of attachment for
Anterior Compartment Muscles
Posterior surface of the tibial shaft has 2 lines. They are:
Soleal line
Vertical line
The Nutrient Foramen of the Tibia is located:
Inferior to the soleal line
The Soleal Line of the Tibia runs from
The fibular facet to the medial border of the junction of the proximal and middle 1/3s of shaft
The Vertical Line of the Tibia runs how?
It descends from the center of the Soleal Line
The nutrient foramen (canal) is angled in what direction?
Distally
The distal tibia articulates with
Talus
Medial malleolar articular facet
pear shaped facet
lateral surface of medial malleolus
MMAF is covered with
Hyaline cartilage
MM AF articulates with
Medial talar body
Anterior colliculus of medial malleolus is
An Anterior projection
Extends inferiorly
Site of ligament attachment
Posterior colliculus of medial malleolus serves as a site of
ligament attachment
Colliculi of the tibia are separated by
The intercollicular groove
Also on the medial malleolus is the groove for which two tendons?
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
The tibial plafond is
rectangular shaped
inferior articular surface
The tibial plafond is lined with
Articular cartilage
The tibial plafond is continuous with
Articular facet of medial malleolus
The tibial plafond articulates with
Talus
The posterior process of the distal tibia is a
Posterolateral prominence (3rd malleolus)
The posterior process of the distal tibia has a depression that acts as a groove for
Flexor hallucis longus
The fibular notch is a
Triangular depression on lateral surface
The fibular notch articulates with the fibula at
The tibiofibular syndesmosis
The fibula is important for
ANKLE STABILITY
The fibula is palpable at
The head
Lateral malleolus
The fibula articulates with
Talus and Tibia
The shape of head of the fibula is
Square-ish
Common fibular nerve passes where?
Around the fibular head/neck
Articular facet of fibula articulates with
Lateral condyle of Tibia
The apex of fibula is known as the
Styloid process
The stylioid process (apex of Fibula) is a site of
Ligament attachment
The borders of the Fibular shaft spiral from
Proximal to distal
Anterior border of the Fibula follows what path?
Begins at anterior aspect of the head
Curves laterally toward lateral malleolus
Anterior border of the Fibula splits distally and encloses
Lateral triangular area above lateral malleolus
Anterior border of the Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
Anterior IM Septum
Attachment of Anterior IM Septum separates
Anterior and Lateral compartments
Interosseus (Medial Border) of the Fibula follows what path?
Extends from head to triangular area distally
Interosseus (Medial Border) of Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
The interosseus membrane
Posterior border of the Fibula follows what path?
Begins at head
End at posterior border of lateral malleolus
Proximal posterior border of the Fibula faces
laterally
Distal posterior border of the Fibula faces
Posteriorly
Posterior border of the Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
The posterior IM septum
The medial crest of the Fibula is also known as the
Crista Medialis
The medial crest of the Fibula is an ___________ line that ______________.
Oblique line that begins on the medial side
The medial crest of the Fibula becomes continuous with
The interosseus border on the distal 1/4 of the Fibula
The medial crest of the Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
An aponeurosis that separates muscles
Medial surface of the Fibula leis between what borders?
Between anterior and interosseus borders
Medial surface of the Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
Anterior compartment muscles
Lateral surface of the Fibula lies between what borders?
Between anterior and posterior borders
Proximal lateral surface of the Fibula faces
Anteriorly
Distal lateral surface of the Fibula faces
More posteriorly
Lateral surface of the Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
Lateral compartment muscles
Posterior surface of the Fibula lies between what borders?
Betwee posterior and interosseus borders
The posterior surface of the Fibula is continuous with
Area articulating with Tibia
Proximal posterior surface of the Fibula faces
Posteriorly
Distal posterior surface of the Fibula faces
Medially
Posterior surface of Fibula serves as a site of attachment for
Some posterior compartment muscles
The nutrient foramen on the Fibula is found on
Middle 1/3 of posterior surface
Lateral malleolus of the Fibula resists
Eversion
Lateral malleolar articular facet is
Triangular facet on medial surface
Lateral malleolar articular facet articulates with
Talus
Lateral malleolar fossa is located
Posterior to articular facet (on the medial surface)
Lateral malleolar fossa serves as a site of ligament attachment for
Transverse tibfib
Posterior talifubular
Lateral malleolar sulcus is a
Groove on posterior border
What tendons pass through the lateral malleolar sulcus?
Fibularis longus
Brevis tendons
The summit of lateral malleolus is the
Rounder, distal end
The summit of lateral malleolus serves as a site of attachment for
The calcaneofibullar ligament
The summit of lateral malleolus where the calcaneofibular ligament attaches can be a site of
Avulsion fractures
The medial triangular surface articulates with
The fibular notch of the tibia
Articulation of the medial triangular surface with the fibular notch of the tibia forms the
Distal tibiofibular joint
The distal tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?
Syndesmotic joint (strong ligament)
Primary ossification center of the Tibia is located at
Shaft
7th-8th Fetal Week
Secondary ossification centers of the Tibia include
Proximal Epiphysis
Distal Epiphysis
Medial Malleolus
Tibial Tuberosity
Secondary ossification center at the Proximal Epiphysis of the Tibia
Appears at birth
Fuses at 18
Secondary ossification center at the Distal Epiphysis of the Tibia
Appears at 1
Fuses at 16
Secondary ossification center at the Medial Malleolus of the Tibia
Appears between 8-13
Fuses at 15 (females) and 17 (males)
not always a separate ossification center*
Secondary ossification center at the Tibial Tuberosity of the Tibia
Appears at 10-12
Fuses between 14-18
Primary ossification center of the Fibula is located at
Shaft
8th fetal week
Secondary ossification center at the distal end of the Fibula
Appears at 1st year
Fuses at 15-17
Secondary ossification center at the proximal
end of the Fibula
Appears at 3rd year
Fuses at 17-19
Secondary ossification centers (in the fibula) fuse in the order of
appearance
The superior (proximal) Tibiofibular joint lies between
Between head of fibula and lateral tibial condyle
Superior (Proximal) Tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?
Gliding (planar) synovial joint
Functionally diarthrotic
Ligaments at the Superior (Proximal) Tibiofibular Joint
Anterior and Posterior Proximal Tibiofibular ligaments
Blood supply to the Superior (Proximal) Tibiofibular Joint is provided by
Tibial Recurrent arteries
Inferior Lateral Genicular arteries
Innervation to Superior (Proximal) Tibiofibular Joint is provided by
Common Fibular
Nerve to Popliteus
Gliding movements of the Superior (Proximal) Tibiofibular Joint when
the ankle joint moves in dorsiflexion and platarflexion
The interosseus membrane attaches to
Interosseus borders of the Tibia and Fibula
Interosseus membrane fibers are angled
Inferolaterally
The superior (proximal) opening of the interosseus membrane allows for
passage of the Anterior Tibial Artery
The inferior(distal) opening of the interosseus membrane allows for
passage of perforating branches of Fibular artery
The distal (inferior) tibiofibular joint is a joint between
Between fibular notch and medial triangular area of Fibula
Ligaments of the distal Tibiofibular join prevent
Prevent separation of tibia and fibula
Prevent talar wedging
The 4 ligaments of the distal tibiofibular joint are
DIDI
Distal Anterior TF Ligament
Interosseus TF Ligament
Distal Posterior TF Ligament
Inferior Transverse TF Ligament
The Talocrural Joint is between
Tibial plafond, LMAF, MMAF
&
Talus
Midtarsal Joint is between
Rearfoot
&
Midfoot
Midtarsal Joint is also known as
Chopart’s Joint, Transverse Tarsal Joint
Lisfranc’s Joint is between
Midfoot
&
Forefoot
Lisfranc’s Joint is also known as
Tarsometatarsal Joint
