1-OTC digestion Flashcards
what kind of drug is gaviscon
alginate
how do alginates work
form floating barrier (CO2 bubbles) making a physical barrier to prevent acid from exiting the stomach
magnesium hydroxide antacids side effects
diarrhea
no burp
aluminum hydroxide antacids side effects
constipation
no burp
Mg antacids or Al antacids bind to phosphates
what does this do
Al
causes excess phosphate elimination via GIT
people with chronic kidney disease should avoid Mg or Al antacids
why
Mg because they may have trouble eliminating the Mg
it can mess with Ca channels in the heart
ENO what type
sodium bicarbonate
TUMS what type
calcium carbonate
which antacids make CO2
ENO and TUMS
which antacids dont make CO2
Al and Mg
which antacisd are systemic antacids
ENO
what is a systemic antacid
when there is some antacid that didnt react with HCL which escapes GIT and enters systemic circulation
systemic alkalosis
blood pH raises
main function of H2 receptors
mediate gastric acid secretion
where histamine released in stomach
ECL cells
what does activation of H2 receptors do in tummy
increase cAMP, increase acid secretion
what is not affected in parietal cell when H2 deactivated
acetylcholine M3 receptors and gastrin
Cimetidine
histamine H2 antagonist, first one
Ranitidine (Zantac)
second H2 antagonist, less side effects
something bad about cimetidine
inhibited CYP enzymes, could be bad when taken with other drugs
Mu opioid receptors role
what agonist do
where found
regulate movement in gut and fluid retention
inhibits peristalsis and fluid building
myenteric and submucosal plexus
loperamide what kind of drug
antidiarrheal, mu opiod receptor agonist
4 groups of laxatives
osmotic, bulk, wetting, stimulants
what do osmotic laxatives do
increase fluid volume
By adding poorly absorbed molecules that increase flow into bowel
what do bulk laxatives do
psyllium poweder forms gelatinous mass in water, stimulates peristalsis
what do wetting agent laxatives do
lubricate for easy passage
detergents to help stool absorb water
what do stimulants laxatives do
irritant of enteric nerves that stimulate peristalsis and water movement into lumen, less water removed from gut
