1. NATURE AND VARIETY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Question 1

1.1 what is MRSCGREN

Answer 1

movement, respire, sensitivity, control, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition

Question 2

1.1 how do plants & animals require nutrition

Answer 2

plants make their own food
animals eat other organisms

Question 3

1.1 why do plants & animals respire

Answer 3

to release energy from their food

Question 4

1.1 why do plants & animals excrete

Answer 4

to get rid of waste products

Question 5

1.1 why do plants & animals respond / are sensitive

Answer 5

so they are sensitive to their surroundings

Question 6

1.1 how do plants & animals move

Answer 6

plants by slow growth movements
animals by the action of muscles

Question 7

1.1 how do plants & animals control their internal conditions

Answer 7

by maintaining a steady state inside the body

Question 8

1.1 why do plants & animals reproduce

Answer 8

to produce offspring

Question 9

1.1 why do plants & animals grow & develop

Answer 9

to increase size by using materials from food

Question 10

1.2 plants make their own complex biological molecules by

Answer 10

photosynthesis

Question 11

1.2 plant cells store carbohydrates as

Answer 11

starch or sucrose

Question 12

1.2 what 4 kingdoms are part of the eukaryotic domain

Answer 12

plants, animals, protoctista and fungi

Question 13

1.2 plants are all _____ cellular

Answer 13

multicellular
made of many specialised cells

Question 14

1.2 eukaryotes are organisms whose cells

Answer 14

contain a proper nucleus

Question 15

1.2 plant cells have

Answer 15

chloroplasts & cellulose cell wall & vacuole

Question 16

1.2 example of a plant

Answer 16

peas

Question 17

1.2 animals are all _____ cellular

Answer 17

multicellular
made of many specialised cells

Question 18

1.2 animals …. to obtain nutrients (biological molecules)

Answer 18

eat other living things

Question 19

1.2 animal cells DONT have

Answer 19

chloroplasts or a cell wall

Question 20

1.2 animal cells store carbohydrates as

Answer 20

glycogen

Question 21

1.2 animals have a _______ system for …

Answer 21

nervous system for coordination and movement

Question 22

1.2 example of an animal

Answer 22

humans

Question 23

1.2 protoctista are all ______ celled

Answer 23

single

Question 24

1.2 some protoctista … others feed on …. or …..

Answer 24

photosynthesise,
living organisms
organic remains

Question 25

1.2 protoctista cells have

Answer 25

chloroplasts, cell walls and flagella

Question 26

1.2 two examples of a protoctista

Answer 26

amoeba and chlorella

Question 27

1.2 many fungi are _____ cellular

Answer 27

multi

Question 28

1.2 fungi consists of threads of cells called

Answer 28

hyphae

Question 29

1.2 the whole structure of a fungi is called a m…

Answer 29

mycelium

Question 30

1.2 some fungi have a ____________ structure (mushroom or toadstool)

Answer 30

reproductive

Question 31

1.2 fungi are fed by ____________ nutrition

Answer 31

saprotrophic

Question 32

1.2 fungi cells have

Answer 32

NO chloroplasts
a chitin cell wall
many nuclei per (large) cell

Question 33

1.2 fungi stores carbohydrates as

Answer 33

glycogen

Question 34

1.2 two examples of fungi

Answer 34

yeast and mucor

Question 35

1.3 prokaryotes means

Answer 35

they don’t have a proper nucleus

Question 36

1.3 the genetic material inside a prokaryote is

Answer 36

in the cytoplasm in the form of a single circular chromosome

Question 37

1.3 some bacteria p… others are d….

Answer 37

photosynthesise others are decomposers

Question 38

1.3 (bacteria) _____________ breaks down milk sugars and is used in ______ production

Answer 38

lactobacillus is used in yoghurt production

Question 39

1.3 (bacteria) pneumococcus is pathogenic and one of the causes of

Answer 39

pneumonia

Question 40

1.3 bacteria are s___ and s_____

Answer 40

small and single-celled organisms

Question 41

1.3 bacterial cells have a

Answer 41

cell membrane
controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 42

1.3 bacterial cell wall is made of

Answer 42

peptidoglycan
which maintains shape and protects the cell

Question 43

1.3 bacterial cells have a cytoplasm that

Answer 43

contains the circular chromosome where chemical reactions occur

Question 44

1.3 many bacteria also have a _____ capsule

Answer 44

slime
outside the cell wall providing more protection

Question 45

1.3 many bacteria also have pl______

Answer 45

plasmids
(small circles of DNA containing extra genes)

Question 46

1.3 many bacteria also have a fl_______

Answer 46

flagellum
which allows the bacteria to move

Question 47

1.3 decomposers (fungi&SOMEbacteria) feed by s… nutrition

Answer 47

saprotrophic nutrition

Question 48

1.3 how does saprotrophic nutrition work

Answer 48

they secrete digestive enzymes out their cells onto the
dead organism,
the dead organism is broken down into small soluble molecules
that are then absorbed by the decomposer

Question 49

1.3 example of bacteria

Answer 49

lactobacillus bulgaricus

Question 50

1.4 pathogens are microorganisms that

Answer 50

cause infectious disease

Question 51

1.4 pathogens harm the host by

Answer 51

releasing toxins damaging cells

Question 52

1.4 all viruses are

Answer 52

pathogens

Question 53

1.4 b_______, f____ and p__________ can also be pathogens

Answer 53

bacteria, fungi and protoctista

Question 54

1.4 viruses are a … surrounded by

Answer 54

strand of genetic material
surrounded by a protein coat

Question 55

1.4 viruses are NOT

Answer 55

cells and not alive

Question 56

1.4 to reproduce viruses,

Answer 56

enter a host cell
take over ribosomes and enzymes
make new virus particles
the cell dies
the viruses are released to infect new cells

Question 57

1.4 viruses can affect

Answer 57

ALL other organisms

(tobacco mosaic virus in leaves)
(influenza infects humans - cough&temp)

Question 58

1.4 example of a virus

Answer 58

tobacco mosaic virus