1. Gut anatomy

Question 1

origin of external oblique muscle

Answer 1

5th-12th ribs

Question 2

insertion of external oblique muscle

Answer 2

iliac crest, inguinal ligament, linea alba

Question 3

action of external oblique muscle

Answer 3

compress abdominal viscera, flex trunk, rotate core

Question 4

origin of internal oblique

Answer 4

lateral part of inguinal ligament, iliac crest

Question 5

insertion on internal oblique

Answer 5

linea alba, pubic crest, lower 3/4 ribs

Question 6

action of internal oblique

Answer 6

compress abdominal viscera, flex trunk if both at same time, rotate side contracted

Question 7

origin of transverse abdominus

Answer 7

coral cartilages of lower ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, medial lip of iliac crest, part of inguinal ligament

Question 8

insertion of transverse abdominus

Answer 8

linea alba, pubic crest

Question 9

action of transverse abdominus

Answer 9

compress abdo viscera (aid core stability)

Question 10

nerve supple of abdominal wall muscles

Answer 10

anterior rami of T7-12

also L1 for transverse abdominus and internal oblique

Question 11

what creates a 6 pack?

Answer 11

tendinous intersections in rectus abdominus

Question 12

origin of rectus abdominus

Answer 12

pubic crest, pubic tubercle, pubic symphysis

Question 13

insertion of rectus abdominus

Answer 13

costal cartilages of ribs 5-7, zephoid process

Question 14

compare rectus sheath above and below arcuate line

Answer 14

above:
-abdo wall muscles go round rectus abdominus
-transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum below

below:
-abdo wall muscles all above rectus abdominus
-transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum below

Question 15

where are crypyts?

Answer 15

small and large intestine

Question 16

name the specialised gland in proximal duodenum

Answer 16

Brunner’s glands

Question 17

function of Brunner’s glands

Answer 17

make alkaline mucoid material to neutralise acidic chyme from stomach

extend through mucosa of intestines to submucosa

Question 18

In GI tract example of
-endocrine hormone
-paracrine hormone
-neurocrine hormone

Answer 18

-gastrin, CCK, secretin
-somatostatin
-gastrin releasing peptide GRP