1: CLL Flashcards by Grace Poole | Brainscape

Q

what is chronic lymphoid leukaemia

A

mutation in mature lymphocytes

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Q

what are 99% of CLL cases

A

B-lymphocyte

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Q

what is the commonest leukaemia

A

CLL

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Q

what age does CLL affect

A

Peak: 70-72 year-olds

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Q

what is problem with identifying CLL

A

50% are asymptomatic and therefore not detected until late stages

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Q

what are symptoms of CLL

A

Painless lymphadenopathy
Hepatosplenomegaly
Recurrent Infections
Anaemia symptoms
Constitutional

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Q

how will FBC present in CLL

A

Lymphocytosis

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Q

what is seen on peripheral blood smear in CLL

A

Smudge cells

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Q

what are smudge cells

A

rupture lymphocytes - as they rupture easily

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Q

what is the problem with smudge cells alone

A

NOT diagnostic for CLL

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Q

what is diagnostic for CLL

A

bone-marrow biopsy

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Q

what will be seen on bone marrow aspiration

A

> 20% lymphocytes

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Q

what are two staging systems used for CLL

A

Rai and Binet

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Q

what staging system is used for CLL in the UK

A

Binet

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Q

what is binet stage A

A

Less than 3-groups lymph nodes

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Q

what is binet stage B

A

More than 3-groups lymph nodes

Q

what is binet stage C

A

Spleen involvement

Low RBC, Low platelets

Q

what is given if symptomatic in CLL

A

Chemotherapy

Q

what is given to treat lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly in CLL

A

Radiotherapy

Q

what is used for recurrent infections in CLL

A

IVIg

Q

explain rule of thirds in CLL

A

One third never progress
One third progress slowly
One third progress rapidly

Q

what condition is associated with 10-15% CLL

A

Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Q

what complicates 5% of CLL

A

Richter’s transformation

Q

what is richter’s transformation

A

CLL transforms to aggressive form lymphoma

Q

how can richter’s transformation be identified

A

new-onset B-Symptoms

- rapidly progressive lymphadenopathy