1 Cells 1

Question 1

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 1

It contains the genetic information (DNA) to control the actives of the cell

Question 2

What do the ribosomes do?

Answer 2

They carry out protein synthesis (building)

Question 3

What does the mitochondria do?

Answer 3

It releases energy for the aerobic respiration.

Question 4

What does the cytoplasm do?

Answer 4

Liquid mixture where the chemical reaction of the cell take place catalysed (caused) by enzymes

Question 5

What cell doesn’t have a nucleus?and why?

Answer 5

Red blood cells because they need room to carry oxygen

Question 6

What does the cell wall do?

Answer 6

The cell wall is made of cellulose to strengthen and protect the cell

Question 7

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 7

The vacuole contains cell sap for storage

Question 8

What does the chloroplast do?

Answer 8

Contains chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis to make food

Question 9

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 9

It controls what moves into and out of the cell

Question 10

What are the sub-cellular structures of bacteria cells?

Answer 10

• cytoplasm
• cell membrane
• cell wall
• plasmid
• bacterial chromosome (don’t have a nucleus but have a single circular of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm)
• flagella
• slime capsule
• bacteria don’t have chloroplasts or mitochondria

Question 11

Differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 11

Plant cells have: a cell wall, a vacuole and chloroplasts which animal cells don’t

Question 12

Other than plant cells what other cells have a cell wall made of cellulose?

Answer 12

Algal cels

Question 13

What 2 types of cells are there?

Answer 13

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 14

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 14

Plant and animal cells
They have a membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material inclosed in a nucleus
Complex

Question 15

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 15

• Bacterial cells
• Smaller and simpler
• Have a cytoplasm & cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall.
• The genetic material I’m not in a nucleus. It’s in a single DNA loop and there may be one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids

Question 16

what’s one centimetre in meters?

Answer 16

1cm = 0.01m

Question 17

what’s one millimetre in meters?

Answer 17

1mm = 0.001m

Question 18

what’s one micrometer in meters?

Answer 18

1um = 1 x 10*-6 m

Question 19

what’s one nanometre in meters?

Answer 19

1nm = 1 x 10*-9 m

Question 20

what’s one decimetre in meters?

Answer 20

1 dm= 0.1 m

Question 21

What’s the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope?

Answer 21

• electron microscopes ( x2 million) use electrons instead of light microscopes (x1500) to form an image
• electron microscopes have a higher magnification and resolution
• allows you to see things in more detail: internal structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts, or ribosomes and plasmids
• enable biologists to understand more sub-cellular structures

Question 22

What’s the formula for magnification?

Answer 22

Magnification = image size / real size