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3b_Boards - SketchyPharm > (1) Autonomic Drugs: Parasympathetic (1.1-1.3) > Flashcards

(1) Autonomic Drugs: Parasympathetic (1.1-1.3) Flashcards

1
Q

where are M1 receptors found?

A

nerves and CNS

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2
Q

where are M2 receptors found?

A

(1) Atria
(2) SA
(3) AV

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3
Q

where are M3 receptors found?

A

(1) Smooth muscle
(2) Glands

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4
Q

how does M3 activation lead to vasodilation?

A

NO release

(Binding M3 on endothelium ⇒ NO release ⇒ Dilate smooth muscle)

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5
Q

Indications (2) : Bethanechol

A

(1) Non-obstructive GI dysmotility
(2) Urinary retention

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6
Q

how does pilocarpine treat glaucoma?

A

(1) Contract ciliary muscle
(2) Constricts pupillae muscle
* (Ciliary muscle contraction ⇒ ↑ Aqueous humor outflow)*

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7
Q

MOA: varenicline

A

nicotinic receptor PARTIAL agonist

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8
Q

what cholinomimetic drug is used for asthma testing?

A

methacholine

(methacholine challenge instigates asthma for pulmonary testing)

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9
Q

what cholinomimetic drug is used for smoking cessation?

A

varenicline

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10
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on the lens of the eye?

A

induce accommodation

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11
Q

how does pilocarpine increase the outflow of aqueous humor?

A

contracts the ciliary muscle

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12
Q

why is pilocarpine helpful in acute angle-closure glaucoma?

A

contracts the sphincter pupillae m.

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13
Q

MOA: Carbachol

A

(1) Muscarinic agonist
(2) Nicotinic agonist

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14
Q

name 2 cholinergic drugs used to treat acute angle-closure glaucoma

A

(1) Pilocarpine
(2) Carbachol

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15
Q

what is the only cholinergic agonist used to treat xerostomia?

A

pilocarpine

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16
Q

Suffix: AChE inhibitors

A

“-stigmine”

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17
Q

What drug is used for long-term treatment of myasthenia gravis?

A

Pyridostigmine

18
Q

What drug is administered to test for myasthenia gravis?

A

Edrophonium

19
Q

What does a negative tensilon test suggest?

A

Cholinergic crisis

20
Q

Is Curare a depolarizing or non-depolarizing NMJ blocker?

A

Non-depolarizing

21
Q

Is Succinylcholine a depolarizing or non-depolarizing NMJ blocker?

A

Depolarizing

22
Q

What AChE inhibitor has CNS effects?

A

Physostigmine

23
Q

What drug is used to reverse Atropine poisoning?

A

Physostigmine

24
Q

Name two naturally occurring forms of Atropine

A

(1) Belladona
(2) Jimson weed

25
Q

Treatment: Organophosphate poisoning

A

(1) Pralidoxime
(2) Atropine

26
Q

Name three AChE inhibitors used to treat Alzheimer’s

A

(1) Galantamine
(2) Rivastigmine
(3) Donepezil

27
Q

MOA: Pralidoxime

A

Regenerates AChE

28
Q

Do AChE inhibitors reverse nondepolarizing or depolarizing neuromuscular blockades?

A

Non-depolarizing

29
Q

Would an AChE inhibitor reverse the action of succinylcholine during phase 1 or phase 2 of the blockade?

A

Phase 2

30
Q

MOA: Organophosphates

A

AChE inhibitor

31
Q

What determines whether Pralidoxime will be effective at treating organophosphate poisoning?

A

Whether the organophosphate-cholinesterase complex has aged

32
Q

What are two naturally occurring forms of Atropine?

A

(1) Belladonna
(2) Jimson weed

33
Q

MOA: Scopolamine

A

M1 antagonist

34
Q

MOA: Ipratropium

A

M3 antagonist

35
Q

What are two inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilators?

A

(1) Ipratropium
(2) Tiotropium

36
Q

What is the difference in action of Tiotropium and Ipratropium?

A

Tiotropium dissociates more slowly from M3 receptor

(Hence lingering Tio-ooooo rings)

37
Q

Name 2 antimuscarinics used to treat incontinence

A

(1) Oxybutynin
(2) Tolteridine

38
Q

Name 2 antimuscarinics used to treat Parkinson’s

A

(1) Benztropine
(2) Trihexyphenidyl

39
Q

Which symptoms of Parkinson’s do antimuscarinics treat?

A

Tremor and rigidity

(Not bradycardia)

40
Q

Inhibition of what muscarinic receptor is responsible for “hot as a hare, dry as a cracker, blind as a bat”?

A

M3

41
Q

Indications (3) : Atropine

A

(1) Bradycardia
(2) Heart block
(3) Organophosphate poisoning

3b_Boards - SketchyPharm (32 decks)

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