1. a - States of matter Flashcards
describe a solid in terms of
arrangement
strong forces of attraction
close together
fixed position
regular lattice arrangement
describe a solid in terms of
movement
don’t move
keep a definite shape and volume
describe a solid in terms of
energy of particles
vibrate about their positions
hotter = vibrate more ( solids expand slightly when heated )
describe a liquid in terms of
arrangement
weak force of attraction
randomly arranged
free to move past each
stick closely together
describe a liquid in terms of
movement
free to move past each other
definite volume
don’t keep a definite shape
describe a liquid in terms of
energy of particles
constantly moving
random motion
hotter = move faster ( liquids expand slightly when heated )
describe a gas in terms of
arrangement
very weak force of attraction
free to move
far apart
gas particles travel in straight lines
describe a gas in terms of
movement
don’t keep a definite shape
don’t keep a definite volume
fill any container
describe a gas in terms of
energy of particles
move constantly
random motion
hotter= move faster ( expand or pressure increases when heated )
name of process of solid to liquid
+ explain changes
melting
particles enough energy to break free from positions
name of process of liquid to solid
freezing
name of process of liquid to gas
+ explain changes
evaporating
particle enough energy to break their bonds
name of process of gas to liquid
condensing
name of process of solid to gas + gas to solid
subliming
definition of dilution
??? process of reducing the concentration of a solute in solution simply by mixing with more solvent
example experiment of dilution
potassium manganite and water
definition of diffusion
movement of particles from a high concentration to a lower concentration
natural tendency of stuff to spread out
example experiment of diffusion
ammonia and hydrogen chloride
in an ammonia and hydrogen chloride diffusion experiment why does the white ring form nearer to the end with the hydrochloric acid
particles of ammonia are smaller and lighter than the particles of hydrogen chloride = diffuse through air more quickly
definition of solvent
dissolves the solute
substance that does the dissolving
eg. water
definition of solute
substance being dissolved
definition of solution
mixture of solute and solvent that does not separate out
definition of saturated solution
solution where max amount of solute has been dissolved = no more solute will dissolve in solution
definition of solubility
the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent
