08_AreasofPractice_EQUITY AND ENV Flashcards
What percentage of U.S. citizens do not have access to broadband at home?
25%
What is the discharge of pollutants into the environment in an untreated, partially treated, or completely treated state called?
Effluent
What is albedo?
portion of solar energy reflected from the Earth back into space, measuring the reflectivity of the earth’s surface.
You are drafting a sustainable energy policy for the county. Which of the following would have the highest albedo?
Select one:
a. Snow
b. White roof
c. Asphalt
d. Shingled Roof
a. Snow
Is it appropriate to include the subject of homelessness in the local comprehensive plan?
Yes
(can use the Housing Element of the Comprehensive Plan to determine housing needs and develop effective strategies to address housing issues, including homelessness.)
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program encourages the investment of _________ for developing affordable _______ for low-income and very low-income households.
private equity; rental housing
What is the HOME program ?
provides block grants to local governments to increase the supply of affordable housing.
What is Spatial Justice?
How our cities are organized has a significant bearing on whether people have access to what they need.
Which methods help to minimize the degree of stormwater runoff?
-Limited impervious surface
-Required retention
-Restriction of floodplain development
What key function do taxes serve?
-Redistribution of income
-Generation of revenue to finance government
What is a “Non-IRA” Native American tribe?
A tribe that did not organize under the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act.
What is the largest tribal land holding in acres?
16 Million (Navajo)
What is the total acreage of land in federal Indian reservations in the United States?
56 Million
{blank} standards for air and water quality restrict the discharge of pollutants into the environment
Effluent
About {blank} of the electricity used in the country goes towards heating, cooling, and lighting buildings.
75 percent
A federal agency considering an action that might have significant environmental effects must prepare a {blank} to determine whether a {blank} needs to be devleoped
Environmental Assessment (EA); Environmetnal Impact Statment (EIS)
What choice identifes the most important key component?
a. Valuing and including different perspectives
b. Incorporating a robust and diverse community process
c. Being fair or impartial
d. Reflecting multiple values and preferences where possible
c. Being fair or impartial
Examine land uses that require the separation of daycare facilities and housing, requiring parents to drive their children to daycare and make more trips during daily activities.
*What disparity does the above policy address?
gender disparities (women are more likely to manage childcare needs)
Planning for flood protection projects typically occurs at what level of government?
National (US Army Corps of Engineers)
Gentrification occurs when…
-the negative impacts of development are not priced in their entirety
-development is approached without an equity lens
What topics would a food policy council likely deal with?
-food deserts
-preservation of agricultural lands
-obesity rates
The planning director has asked you to oversee a new project to develop additional sidewalks in a previously un-walkable neighborhood. How does social justice affect this area of planning?
I. Elderly populations are at a greater risk of being killed by a car while walking
II. Native American men are four times more likely to be killed while walking than white men
III. Minority households are more likely to be without a vehicle and thus walk more
IV. Children are likely to use the sidewalks to walk to school
I. Elderly populations are at a greater risk of being killed by a car while walking
II. Native American men are four times more likely to be killed while walking than white men
III. Minority households are more likely to be without a vehicle and thus walk more
The APA Policy Guide on Security reported that Crime Prevention through Environmental Design includes:
-natural surveillance
-territoriality
-natural access control
What would you recommend to best improve the environmental conditions of communities of color and low-income residents?
Prioritizing more compact, diverse, mixed-use development
(-fosters more affordable housing
-fosters connections with public transportation )
According to the US Department of Energy, annual energy consumption {blank} dramatically between 1950 and 2000. Since 2000, there has been some {blank}.
increased; leveling off
What flood zones does FEMA designate as a Special Flood Hazard Area?
100-yr (1%)
What does CPTED stand for?
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
What is Negotiation-based Land Value Recapture?
-negotiating development agreements that ties increased densities to community amenity contributions.
{blank} energy is the most commonly regulated by local governments. This typically includes {blank} as well as {blank} categories that allow or prohibit wind turbines.
Wind; setback requirements; zoning district
How many treatment processes is sewage sent through before the treated water is released?
Three (primary, secondary, tertiary)
What sparked the environmental justice movement?
Warren County Protests
(-1982
-predominantly Black residents of Warren County, North Carolina
-protested state choosing to dispose of toxic PCB waste near the county’s water supply)
What is the goal of environmental justice?
Ensuring that everyone has a fair chance of living the healthiest life possible.
Why is the federal defintion of homelessness problematic?
problematic in rural areas because there are few shelters
(Federal law defines a homeless person as one who, “lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence … and has a primary night residency that is: a shelter or a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.”)
Under the EPA guidelines that the USACE administers when considering whether to issue a section 404 permit, it may presume that other {blank} are available to the landowner unless it receives compelling (blank}
practical alternatives; proof to the contrary
What kind of housing helps people with lower incomes who have extensive or intergenerational households?
Housing that is both adaptable and affordable
In 2018, the number of homeless in the US was estimated at {blank}
554,000
Which of the following is not often cited as a major factor in creating homelessness?
a. Physical disabilities
b. Lack of affordable health care
c. Underemployment
d. Domestic violence
a. Physical disabilities
What are the key elements of planning for diverse communities?
-Economic opportunity
-Health & safety
-Housing affordability
-Placemaking
-Transportation & access
–You’re an environmental planner
-Concerned about nonpoint source water pollution and slowing the rate of surface water runoff.
*What is the key federal statute that applies to this?
-Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
-Requires a permit be obtained from the Army Corp for the discharge of material.
What is a wellhead protection area?
-Surface and subsurface land area regulated to prevent contamination of a well or well-field supplying a public water system.
-Each state develops its own implementation approach.
-Protects Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Recharge Areas
Wellhead protection was established under the {blank}
Safe Drinking Water Act
