06 - Acoustic Evaluation

Question 1

What do we measure Objectively during Voice Acoustic Measures?

(4)

Answer 1

Frequency related parameters

Intensity related parameters

Noise related parameters – Quality

Other measures

Question 2

What are five Frequency Related Measures?

Answer 2

Mean Fundamental Frequency

Frequency Range

Standard Deviation of Fundamental Frequency

Frequency Perturbation 

Fundamental Frequency Variation - vFo (%)

Question 3

What is Mean Fundamental Frequency?

Answer 3

Average number of vibrations per second.

Question 4

What is the Frequency Range?

Answer 4

Minimum and maximum.

Question 5

What is the Standard Deviation of Fundamental Frequency?

Answer 5

Variation seen from Mean Fo.

Question 6

What is VOICE Perturbation?

What is it measuring?

Answer 6

Variations in frequency and intensity (Jitters and Shimmers)

Mucosal Wave function

Question 7

What are three measures of Frequency Perturbation?

Answer 7

Relative average perturbation (RAP)

Pitch perturbation quotient (PPQ)

Smoothened pitch perturbation quotient

Question 8

What is a Jitter?

(2)`

Answer 8

Cycle-to-cycle variation in frequency (perturbation measure - irregular mov’t)

Is there stability in pitch?

Question 9

What is a Shimmer?

(2)

Answer 9

Cycle-to-cycle variation in intensity

Is there stability in intensity?

Question 10

What is Bandwidth?

(2)

Answer 10

Length of cycles

Lower frequencies have greater bandwidth

Question 11

What is Fundamental Frequency Variation – vFo (%)?

Answer 11

The relative standard deviation (SD) of the period-to- period calculated fundamental

Question 12

What are five Voice Amplitude Measures?

Answer 12

Mean amplitude

Intensity range

Standard deviation of Amplitude

Amplitude perturbation

Peak Amplitude Variation – vAm (%)

Question 13

What is Standard deviation of Amplitude?

Answer 13

Variation seen from Mean .

Question 14

What is Peak Amplitude Variation – vAm (%)?

(2)

Answer 14

The relative SD of the period-to-period calculated peak to-peak amplitude.

It reflects the long-term amplitude variations within the analyzed voice sample. 

Question 15

What are three measures of Amplitude Perturbation?

Answer 15

Shimmer

Amplitude perturbation quotient (APQ)

Smoothened amplitude perturbation quotient (sAPQ)

Question 16

What are three Noise Related Measures?

Answer 16

Noise-to-Harmonic Ratio (NHR)

Voice Turbulence Index (VTI)

Soft Phonation Index

Question 17

What is the Noise-to-Harmonic Ratio (NHR)?

(2)

Answer 17

Inharmonic Components in the 1500-4500 Hz __________________________

Harmonic Components energy in the range 70-4500 Hz

Looks at lower freqs

Bad stuff / Good stuff

Inharmonic / Harmonic

Question 18

What is the Voice Turbulence Index (VTI)?

(2)

Answer 18

Inharmonic range of 2800-5800 Hz

__________________________

Spectral Harmonic Energy in the range 70-4500 Hz

Looks at higher freqs

Bad stuff / Good stuff

Inharmonic / Harmonic

Question 19

What is the Soft Phonation Index?

Answer 19

The average ratio of Low Frequency Harmonic Energy to High Frequency Harmonic Energy

Question 20

What are three Other Objective Voice Measures?

Answer 20

Degree of Unvoiced segments (DUV)

Degree of Voice breaks (DVB)

Degree of Sub-harmonics (DSH)

Question 21

What is the Degree of Unvoiced segments (DUV)?

Answer 21

Breaks during phonation

Question 22

What is the Degree of Voice breaks (DVB)?

Answer 22

Breaks during phonation

Question 23

What is the Degree of Sub-harmonics (DSH)?

Answer 23

More sub-harmonics come with more noise

Question 24

What are Harmonics?

Answer 24

Whole number multiples of fundamental frequency (x2, x3, x4, etc.)

Question 25

What are Octaves?

Answer 25

Double the previous octave (x2, x2(2), x2(2)(2), etc.)

Question 26

What is a Spectrograph?

Answer 26

3D representation of acoustic measures

Question 27

What are five softwares that allow us to acoustical measure speech?

Answer 27

Computerized Speech Lab Multidimensional Voice Profile (MDVP) Real Time pitch PRAAT Visipitch Sonapitch

Question 28

What do MDVP measurements look like? (2)

Answer 28

Green circle Anything out of the green area is abnormal

Question 29

What is Electroglottography (EGG)? (3)

Answer 29

Electrical resistance between two electrodes placed around the neck. Only works when VF are adducting. If it's not working, adduction is not working properly

Question 30

How is Electroglottography (EGG) measured? (2)

Answer 30

Place electrodes around the neck. When a low voltage current is applied, the resistance to passage of electricity is less when the VF are in contact.

Question 31

Electroglottography (EGG)

Answer 31

A = Open Phase B = Opening Phase C = Closed Phase D = Closing Phase

Question 32

What are four ECG measures?

Answer 32

Open Quotient Closed Quotient Speed Quotient Speed Index

Question 33

What is an ECG Open Quotient? (3)

Answer 33

Open Phase / Time Complete adduction = 0 or 0% Complete abduction = 1 or 100%

Question 34

What is an ECG Closed Quotient? (4)

Answer 34

Contact quotient Closed Phase / Time  Complete adduction = 1 or 100%) Complete abduction = 0 or 0%

Question 35

What is an ECG Speed Quotient?

Answer 35

Opening Time / Closing Time

Question 36

What is an ECG Speed Index? (2)

Answer 36

(Sq-1) / (Sq+1) (Opening time - Closing time) / Open phase

Question 37

Is abduction or adduction faster?

Answer 37

Adduction

Question 38

What is Inverse Filtering? (2)

Answer 38

Voice Output (Glottal Source + Resonance) Glottal Source (Voice Output - Resonance)

Question 39

What is Inverse Filtering used for

Answer 39

Research