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[3Y1S] MT6318 > 01 LEC: Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology > Flashcards

01 LEC: Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

How many mL of blood do a normal human body has?

A

5L

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2
Q

Identify the scientist and year:

Worms in the blood

A

Athanasius Kircher
1657

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3
Q

Identify the scientist and year:

RBCs

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
1674

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4
Q

Identify the scientist and year:

Platelets (petite plaques)

A

Giulio Bizzozero
1800

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5
Q

Identify the scientist and year:

Wrights/Romanowsky stain

A

James Homer Wright
1902

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6
Q

Size of RBC

A

6-8 um

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7
Q

Increase in the presence of immature cells (particularly bands)

A

Left shift

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8
Q

2 stains used in Wright stain (give whether they are basic or acidic)

A

Methylene blue (basic, stains acidic structures)

Eosin (acidic, stains basic structures)

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9
Q

Components of the Drabkin reagent

A

Potassium cyanide + Potassium ferricyanide

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10
Q

Drabkin reagent is used particularly to convert ___ (which part of the blood)

A

Hemoglobin

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11
Q

When the Drabkin reagent is used, the hemoglobin is converted into ___

A

Cyanmethemoglobin

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12
Q

The ratio of volume of packed RBCs to volume of whole blood

A

Hematocrit

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13
Q

Most rare WBC

A

Basophils

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14
Q

Normal value of hematocrit

A

50%

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15
Q

Formula for hematocrit

A

(RBC)(MCV)

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16
Q

Basophil granules are water ___ (sol/insol)

A

Soluble

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17
Q

Formula for MCV

A

hct/RBC x 10

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18
Q

Normal value of MCV

A

80-100 fL

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19
Q

Formula for MCH

A

hgb/RBC x 10

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20
Q

Normal value of MCH

A

26-32 pg

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21
Q

Formula for MCHC

A

hgt/hct x 10

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22
Q

Normal value of MCHC

A

32-36 g/dL or %

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23
Q

MCH is ___ (more/less) accurate than MCHC

A

less (MCHC is more preferred in measuring hemoglobin)

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24
Q

Formula for RDW

A

sd of RBC volume / mean cell volum

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25
Q

Normal value of RDW

A

11.5-14.5%

26
Q

The variation in cell shape

A

Poikilocytosis

27
Q

The variation in cell sizes

A

Anisocytosis

28
Q

T/F: both poikilocytosis and anisocytosis can be examined using RBC parameters

A

F (only anisocytosis; poikilocytosis is examined through the PBS)

29
Q

T/F: monocytes are phagocytic

A

T

30
Q

Monocytes turn into ___ when they undergo diapedesis

A

Macrophage

31
Q

Product of fragmentation of megakaryocytes

A

Platelet

32
Q

Largest hematopoietic cells in bone marrow

A

Megakaryocytes

33
Q

Maintaining balance in order to reestablish blood flow by preventing bleeding through platelets and coagulation

A

Hemostasis

34
Q

RBC parameter:

Measures the size of the RBC

A

Mean cell volume (MCV)

35
Q

Loss of oxygen-carrying capacity of RBC

A

Anemia

36
Q

Hyperviscosity of blood due to increased RBC

A

Polycythemia

37
Q

A condition caused by chronic smoking or high altitude living due to decreased oxygen supply, causing increased RBC count

A

Secondary polycythemia

38
Q

Primary polycythemia is also called ___, which is due to malignancy

A

Polycythemia vera

39
Q

Used for manual counting of RBC

A

Hemacytometer

40
Q

The principle of automatic counting of RBC

A

Coulter Principle

41
Q

Size of platelets

A

2-4 um

42
Q

Automation principle of WBC counting

A

Optical scatter

43
Q

Optical scatter (forward/side scatter):

“right angle”, determine the internal complexity of the cell

A

Side scatter

44
Q

Optical scatter (forward/side scatter):

Detect cell size

A

Forward scatter

45
Q

Principle of hemoglobin detection

A

Spectrophotometry

46
Q

Hemoglobin is measured spectrophotometrically using what wavelength?

A

540 nm

47
Q

Less toxic alternative for Drabkin’s reagent

A

Sodium laurel sulfate

48
Q

Assess hemoglobin concentration in RBC

A

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration

49
Q

Lack of central pallor in the RBC

A

Spherocytic RBC

50
Q

A spherocytic RBC has a ___ (high/low) hemoglobin

A

high

51
Q

T/F: MCH is not used to classify leukemia and anemia anymore

A

T

52
Q

Coefficient of variation of the RBC volume

A

Red cell distribution and width (RDW)

53
Q

Polychromatophilic erythrocytes

A

Reticulocytes

54
Q

Indicative of bone marrow regeneration during blood loss and certain anemias

A

Reticulocytes

55
Q

A kind of staining used for reticulocytes

A

Supravital staining

56
Q

Stains used for supravital staining

A

Brilliant cresyl blue
New methylene blue
Crystal violet

57
Q

Identifies and quantifies populations of cells in a heterogenous sample

A

Flow cytometry

58
Q

Type of antigens present on the cell’s surface, nucleus, or cytoplasm that helps identify the lineage of cells using antibodies

A

Immunophenotyping

59
Q

Primarily defines a large set of the techniques that operate either with the entire genome or with specific targeted DNA sequence

A

Molecular cytogenetics

60
Q

The specific WBC that undergoes immunophenotyping

A

Lymphocytes

61
Q

Deals with chromosomes also known as karyotyping used for diagnosis of oncologic and hematologic disorders

A

Cytogenetics

62
Q

;)

A

[3Y1S] MT6318 (16 decks)

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