01 LEC: Hematopiesis Flashcards
continuous, regulated process of renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of all blood cell lines
Hematopoiesis
Lifespan of RBC
120 days
3 stages of hematopoiesis
mesoblastic
hepatic
myeloid/medullary
mesoblastic period usually begins as early as __th day after fertilization in the ___ of the embryo
19
yolk sac
mesoblastic period usually lasts until the __ month and peaks at __-__ weeks
3rd
5-7
only ___ are made during the mesoblastic period
erythrocytes (primitive erythroblasts)
the erythroblasts during the mesoblastic period has hemoglobins, namely ___, ___, ___
Gower-1
Gower-2
Portland
Components of Gower-1
2 zeta, 2 epsilon
Components of Gower-2
2 alpha, 2 epsilon
Components of Portland
2 zeta, 2 gamma
the liver is an active hematopoiesis site until __-__ weeks after birth
1-2
during the hepatic period, the ___ becomes the chief site of blood cell
fetal liver
the hepatic period begins at around ___-___ gestational weeks and lasts until ___ months of gestation
5-7
6
this produces the B-cells to contribute to hematopoiesis
spleen
The only stage in hematopoiesis that occurs intravascularly
mesoblastic
this period is the beginning of definitive hematopoiesis
hepatic
this period is where the megakaryopoiesis begins
hepatic
the myeloid period begins at the __th to __th month of fetal development and peaks at the __th month
4-5
6
the predominant hemoglobin during the hepatic period are ___ and ___
hgbF and hgbA
by the end of ___ weeks of gestation, the bone marrow becomes the primary site of hematopoiesis
24
the ratio of myeloid to erythroid changes from ___ to ___ during the myeloid period
3:1 to 4:1
the period where detectable levels of EPO, G-CSF, and GM-CSF are found
myeloid
Hematopoiesis in the bone marrow is called ___ ___
medullary hematopoiesis
Hematopoiesis in areas other than the bone marrow is called ___ ___
extramedullary hematopoiesis
The ratio of red marrow to yellow marrow (what is it called and what is the normal amount?)
Marrow cellularity
50:50
This condition causes a teardrop-shaped RBC in PBS
Primary myelofibrosis
What is it called when the bone marrow increases its activity 5-10x its normal rate
hyperplastic
A condition where erythropoiesis may increase to the extent that the marrow starts to erode the bone itself
Severe chronic anemia
Common values:
Normocellular
Hypercellular/hyperplastic
Hypocellular/hypoplastic
30-70%
>70%
<30%
The ratio of granulocytes & their precursors to nucleated erythroid precursors (what is it called and give the normal value)
M:E ratio
2:1 - 4:1 (average of 3:1)
Give the M:E ratio for the ff:
Infection
6:1
Give the M:E ratio for the ff:
Leukemia
25:1
Give the M:E ratio for the ff:
Myeloid hyperplasia
20:1
Give the M:E ratio for the ff:
Myeloid hypoplasia
3:20
The liver contains phagocytic cells known as ___ ___ that act as a filter for damaged or aged cells in a manner similar to phagocytic cells in the spleen
Kupffer cells
T/F: the Kupffer cells is more effective in filtering damaged cells compared to phagocytic cells in spleen
F
This is formed from blood fluid that escapes into the connective tissues
Lymph
