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[3Y1S] MT6318 > 01 LEC: Erythropoiesis > Flashcards

01 LEC: Erythropoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Stage of normoblastic maturation present in the circulation

A

reticulocyte
erythrocyte

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2
Q

Give rise to each thousands of nucleated erythroid precursor cells

A

BFU-E

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3
Q

It takes about __ for the BFU-E to become CFU-E

A

one week

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4
Q

Well-differentiated erythroid progenitor cell

A

CFU-E

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5
Q

CFU-E can form up to __ nucleated erythroid precursor cells

A

64

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6
Q

Regulator of CFU-E

A

erythropoietin

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7
Q

Earliest morphologically recognizable erythrocyte precursor

A

pronormoblast

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8
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

Pyknotic cells

A

orthochromic normoblast

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9
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

10-12 micra

A

pronormoblast

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10
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

no hgb

A

pronormoblast

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11
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

start of globin & heme synthesis

A

pronormoblast

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12
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

N:C = 8:1

A

pronormoblast

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13
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

1-2 nucleoli

A

pronormoblast

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14
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

cytoplasm - dark blue

A

pronormoblast

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15
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

10-15 micra

A

basophilic normoblast

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16
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

active mitosis

A

basophilic normoblast

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17
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

0-1 nucleolus

A

basophilic normoblast

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18
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

N:C = 6:1

A

basophilic normoblast

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19
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

hgb begins to form

A

basophilic normoblast

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20
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

cytoplasm - deeper blue

A

basophilic normoblast

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21
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

10-12 micra

A

polychromatic normoblast

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22
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

no nucleolus

A

polychromatic normoblast

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23
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

N:C = 4:1

A

polychromatic normoblast

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24
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

last stage capable of mitosis

A

polychromatic normoblast

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25
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

cytoplasm - mixture of pink and blue

A

polychromatic normoblast

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26
Q

The cytoplasm of the polychromatic normoblast is term ___

A

murky gray blue

27
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

first stage at which pink color with stained hgb

A

polychromatic normoblast

28
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

seen as nucleated RBCs in PBS

A

orthochromic normoblast

29
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

N:C = 1:2

A

orthochromic normoblast

30
Q

Color of cytoplasm of orthochromic normoblast

A

salmon pink (eosinophilic)

31
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

the penultimate stage

A

Reticulocyte

32
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

cytoplasmic color the same as RBC

A

reticulocyte

33
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

last stage to synthesize hgb

A

reticulocyte

34
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

last stage that the cell has mitochondria

A

reticulocyte

35
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

last stage of having RNA

A

reticulocyte

36
Q

Stage of normoblast maturation:

last stage of having DNA

A

orthochromic normoblast

37
Q

Size of mature RBC

38
Q

Thickness of mature RBC

A

1.5-2.5 mm

39
Q

These are important for thymine production

A

Vit B12, folic acid

40
Q

Essential for the synthesis of hgb

41
Q

Iron deficiency causes ___, ___ anemia

A

microcytic, hypochromic

42
Q

Important in the making of DNA

43
Q

Also called extrinsic factor of castle

44
Q

Vit B12 deficiency causes ___ or ___ anemia when intrinsic factors go missing

A

Megaloblastic
Pernicious

45
Q

Pathway for RBC removal:

5-10%

46
Q

Pathway for RBC removal:

fragmentation

47
Q

Pathway for RBC removal:

90-95%

48
Q

Pathway for RBC removal:

macrophage-mediated

49
Q

Pathway for RBC removal:

peripheral

50
Q

In extravascular hemolysis, old or damaged RBCs are phagocytized by ___ cells and digested by ___

A

RES
lysosomes

51
Q

When extravascular hemolysis happens, iron is returned by ___ to ___

A

transferrin
bone marrow

52
Q

During extravascular hemolysis, ___ is broken down into amino acids and is returned to amino acid pool

53
Q

During extravascular hemolysis, ___ ___ is disassembled into CO

A

protoporphyrin ring

54
Q

In extravascular hemolysis, the ___ is converted into ___ and is carried by ___ to liver

A

biliverdin
bilirubin
albumin

55
Q

During the extravascular hemolysis, bilirubin is conjugated into ___ ___ and excreted with bile into intestine

A

bilirubin glucuronide

56
Q

In extravascular hemolysis, bilirubin glucuronide is converted by bacteria and excreted in the stool as ___

A

stercobilinogen

57
Q

In extravascular hemolysis, a small amount of ___ is reabsorbed into the blood circulation and then excreted through kidneys in the urine

A

Urobilinogen

58
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, RBCs break down within the ___, releasing hgb directly into bloodstream

A

lumen of blood vessels

59
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, hgb dissociates into globin dimers and picked up by ___

A

haptoglobin

60
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex is too big so it would be carried to the ___

61
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, when haptoglobin levels decrease, the dimers are filtered by the renal tubular cells, and converted into ___

A

hemosiderin

62
Q

The renal tubular uptake can process as much as ___ g/day of filtered hemoglobin

63
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, if the hgb is neither bound by haptoglobin or excreted in the urine, it is oxidized to ___ and is taken up by another transport protein, ___

A

methemoglobin
hemopexin

64
Q

During intravascular hemolysis, the combined depletion of haptoglobin and hemopexin and the presence of methemalbuminemia and hemosiderinuria can be seen in cases of ___ ___ anemia

A

intravascular hemolytic

[3Y1S] MT6318 (16 decks)

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