001 - Tranquilizers

Question 1

Increases GABA receptor channel opening time?

Answer 1

Barbituates

Question 2

Increases GABA receptor channel opening frequency?

Antagonist of diazepem effect?

Answer 2

Diazepem

flumazenil

Question 3

Greater analgesic effect: barbiturates or benzodiazepenes?

Answer 3

neither

Question 4

Most commonly used tranquilizer in vet med?

Ace causes sedation by blocking what neurotransmitters?

Where is this sedative effect largely produced?

Ace also inhibits what other biogenic amine?

Answer 4

acetylpromazine

NE and histamine

reticular activating system

serotonin

Question 5

Ace decreases the requirement for what preanesthetic med?

Answer 5

atopine-like compounds

Question 6

ace has more/less muscle relaxation than barbituates?

ace has more/less respiratory depression than barbituates?

Answer 6

less

less

Question 7

at high doses acetylpromazine produces

Answer 7

catalepsy

Question 8

reserpine depletes NE by blocking what?

Answer 8

reuptake into vesicle

Question 9

Use ___ and not ___ to maintain BP after ace?

Answer 9

NE, epinephrine (ace is already blocking beta receptors. epi will target both alpha and beta, causing even more respiratory depression

Question 10

The most potent antiemetic compound studied?

Answer 10

droperidol

Question 11

emesis is blocked in what structure?

Answer 11

chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

Question 12

In the CTZ, what NT induces emesis?

Answer 12

dopamine

Question 13

What drug is used in dogs to induce emesis?

What drug blocks that effect?

Answer 13

apomorphine

acetylpromazine

Question 14

What drug is used in cats to induce emesis?

What is it’s effect on BP?

What is it’s effect on respiration?

What receptors does it activate?

Answer 14

low level xylazine

transient increase, persistent decrease

sometimes apnea

NE alpha2 (and alpha1/alpha2D in ruminants)

Question 15

Most sensitive to xylazine? dog/cattle/pig

least?

Answer 15

cattle

pig

Question 16

analgesic muscle relaxant used in field analgesia?

Also used in other species, for what purpose?

concentrated (>5%) or old solutions can cause?

Answer 16

guaifenesin (GGE)

expectorant

thrombosis and hemolysis

Question 17

Drug of choice for status epilepticus

Answer 17

diazepem

Question 18

Most common canine anticonvulsant (prophylactic)?

more common as a feline antiepileptic agent?

Answer 18

phenobarbital

diazepem

Question 19

Inhibits ketamine and potentiates strychnine seizures?

Answer 19

acetylpromazine

Question 20

Used for seizures but not a general anticonvulsant?

zero-order kinetic requires what of this drug?

Answer 20

phenytoin

a loading dose

Question 21

anticonvulsant, not sedative but is analgesic?

mechanism of action of this drug?

Answer 21

carbamazepine

adenosine A1 agonist

Question 22

longest acting anticonvulsant

antidote for this anticonvulsant

produces what complication in cats?

How would you treat that problem with drugs?

Answer 22

potassium bromide

chloride (helps displace it from the tissue, allowing it to be excreted more quickly)

feline asthma

theophylline/aminophylline