00-80T-122: Aircraft Operating Procedures for Air Capable Ships NATOPS Manual

Question 1

What 4 categories do aircraft emergencies fall under?

Answer 1

-those cases that cause an aircraft to ditch/crash

-those that require an immediate landing

-those that require a precautionary shipboard landing

-those that occur on the flight deck.

Question 2

Alert 60

Answer 2

-Aircraft in hangar secured for heavy weather. Minor maintenance may be performed.

-Aircrew designated and available

-Not at flight quarters

-No Max time

Question 3

Radius of action for aircraft on air capable ships.

Answer 3

Radius of action, SHALL NOT exceed 45% of maximum range of aircraft.
4600 lbs of fuel, 120 kts, 1200 lb/hr = 400 miles
45%(400) = 180

SOP:
One Way Flights
ship to ship/shore-ship: 150 nm
ship-shore: 200 nm

Shipboard radius is 150 nm or maximum reliable comm/nav whichever is less
Radius of action beyond 150 nm in support of specific operations or tactical training may be approved by ISIC but to minimum required to accomplish

Question 4

What is the mark of a smart ship?

Answer 4

the punctuality with which it meets scheduled evolutions

Question 5

Offset approach for ordnance?

Answer 5

5 degrees at .25 miles

25 to 40 degrees over flight deck, min is 18*

Question 6

Alert 30

Answer 6

• Rotors may be folded. Aircraft may be on deck or in hanger. Required stores loaded.

-Aircrew briefed for flight.

-Not at flight quarters

-18/48***

*** Two aircraft detachments manning allows for unlimited alert 30 readiness. Daily and turnaround inspections will be required every 24 to 72 hours.

Question 7

When can you Transfer passengers by hoist at night?

Answer 7

In emergency situations

Question 8

What color are HIFR lights?

Answer 8

Yellow/Red

Question 9

Polar plots do not account for what?

Answer 9

Wave run up

Ships changing course or speed

Sea spray

Wake-wave interaction

Question 10

What is the Hawklink range restriction?

Answer 10

It is approximately 120 nm because of the maximum data link range at the current aircraft operational altitude limit of 13,000 feet density altitude, or 10,000 feet MSL without supplemental oxygen.

Question 11

Classes of air capable ships:
4-6R

Answer 11

Class 4- Vertrep/hover area minimum hover height 5 ft

Class 5- Vertrep/hover area minimum hover height 15 ft

Class 6- HIFR facility capable of delivering a minimum of 50 gallons of fuel per minute at a px of 20 psi to a height of 40 ft

Class 6R- HIFR facility capable of delivering 25-49 gallons per minute at a px of 20 psi to a height of 40 feet

Question 12

Can you load ordnance during an FCF?

Answer 12

Ordnance shall not be loaded on aircraft scheduled for functional check flights.

Question 13

Smokelight:
-When is it used
-Who has to authorize it
-What should be done beforehand
-Profile

Answer 13

-This approach is used as a last resort when available equipment will not allow ELVA procedures to be used, or when the ship cannot be visually acquired using ELVA procedures.
-Both the commanding officer and the PIC (or detachment OIC) must have agreed to attempt procedure.
-Before attempting:
1. Return the aircraft to the ship early
2. Maneuvering the ship to area of better visibility
3. Vector the aircraft to another ship where visibility is better
4. Vector the aircraft to a suitable alternate airfield

Profile
2 miles astern of thesip, descend at Pilot’s discretion to 40’/40kts
Flare is dropped every 15 seconds

Question 14

Alert 5

Answer 14

-Spotted for immediate takeoff
-Spread blades.
-Stores loaded.
- Starting equipment (External power applied). Mission equipment warmed up.

-Strapped in. Preflight checklist complete up to starting engines.

-Ship at flight quarters, fire party on station

-4 hr max time

** Alert 5 is as fatiguing as actual flight and should normally be used only when launch is imminent.

Question 15

Hung Ordnance profile (Alpha profile)

Answer 15

Clockwise pattern, 300’/80kts

Question 16

Night VERTREP?
What does it require?
What does the ship have to be certified to?
What requirements must be met for night vertrep?

Answer 16

-Operational Necessity for the MH-60R

-Ships that are certified Level I or II or are operating under a waiver may conduct VERTREP at night.

-One or more of the following conditions shall exist prior to conducting night VERTREP to appropriately certified ships:
1. A natural horizon is present.
2. The drop/pickup zone of the ship to be worked is clearly visible from the aircraft’s cockpit when over the drop/pickup zone of the transferring/receiving ship.

Question 17

Material weighing less than ___ shall be transferred in a weighted bag

Answer 17

30 lbs

Question 18

Polar Plots:
Black hashed area?
Blue hashed area?

Answer 18

8* roll

2* pitch

Question 19

Who normally provides inflatable flotation and cranial protection with goggles?

Answer 19

The aircrew and they shall be donned prior to departing the sheltered area and exposure to the flight environment

Question 20

When is TACAN required?

Answer 20

For aircraft equipped with a TACAN, ship’s TACAN system shall be operable for all shipboard launches and recoveries in IMC.

Question 21

Who is the primary rescue unit during routine operations?

If unable, who would take their place

Answer 21

Note: The ship itself or its rescue boat are the primary rescue assets during routine operations.

If sea state would prevent rescue by ship or boat, a SAR-equipped helicopter in Alert 30 must be available.

Question 22

When is the Horizon Reference System (HRS) required to be on?

Answer 22

Without a visible horizon, an operable HRS bar (when installed) shall be utilized for single-spot ship operations

Question 23

Aircraft shall not be refueled if fuel is?

Answer 23

-Not clean and bright

-contains more than 2 mg/L of particulate matter

-contains more than 5 parts per million (ppm) of free water.

Question 24

Landing lineup and circle clearance?

Answer 24

Main mounts are in the landing circle and fuselage aligned with the landing lineup line

Question 25

Night HIFR: Should you perform practice Night HIFR? When do you perform Night HIFR? What conditions are required?

Answer 25

Because of the inherently greater risks to aircrew and flight deck crew, practice night HIFR evolutions should not be performed. When operational necessity dictates the conduct of night HIFR, the following conditions shall exist: 1. A visible natural horizon as viewed by the pilot. 2. Ship motion should not exceed 5* pitch and 10* roll. 3. Turn on the HIFR heading lights and position the LSE with both amber wands at the helicopter control point. 4. Establish radio contact with the helicopter and pass the ship’s course and speed, pitch and roll, and relative wind.

Question 26

Deck Height for DDG? SGSI height for DDG?

Answer 26

14' 10" 37'

Question 27

Initial tiedowns? Permanent tiedowns? Heavy weather tiedowns?

Answer 27

Initial launch and recovery of aircraft, re spotted, prior to movement. 2 chains, chocks. When aircraft is not scheduled or expected to be launched or respotted. Highs, tails, mains. During high winds, heavy SAS or prolonged periods. (3 chains per point)

Question 28

Flight deck fire party is composed of what?

Answer 28

2 AFFF hose teams and a backup team. Shall be comprised of ships company, it can be augmented with detachment personnel.

Question 29

Corrosion control water required for sheltered and unsheltered aircraft?

Answer 29

500 gal unsheltered 100 gal sheltered

Question 30

Deck Height for CG SGSI for CG height?

Answer 30

33' 51'

Question 31

Lights for ready for takeoff?

Answer 31

Position lights steady BRIGHT.

Question 32

ELVA profile

Answer 32

4 miles, 400', 70 kts Slow to 40 kts at 1/2 mile MAP: 50' AGL, 100 yards vis For starboard approaches, final approach heading will be BRC minus the flight deck approach angle, for port approaches, it will be BRC plus flight deck angle, and for straight-in approaches, it will be the BRC. If a missed approach occurs, the aircraft will make a 30* heading change to the left (right for port approach) and climb to 400 feet.

Question 33

Vertical separation for helos?

Answer 33

500ft 1000ft from fixed wing

Question 34

SGSI breakdown? How do you use it?

Answer 34

-9* total -1.5* Green -1* Amber -6.5* Red -40* Azimuth -acquisition range is 3 miles away In use, the pilot flies the red amber interface which is fixed at three degrees. By adjusting the aircraft’s altitude in order to keep the amber-red interface visible, the pilot can maintain a safe 3* glide path to the landing platform.

Question 35

(Type 3) "T" line facing inward clearance?

Answer 35

Helicopter hovers with Main and Tail rotor hubs between the two "T" lines

Question 36

Yellow region of polar plots

Answer 36

2 ft of water on flight deck

Question 37

Lights for engine start? -Home Field Day: -Home Field Night -Ship Day: -Ship NT

Answer 37

Home Day: Pos Flashing Bright, Anti: Upper/Day Home Night: Pos Steady DIM, Rotor Head LT: ON, Anti-Collison- Upper/NT Ship Day: Pos Steady Ship NT: Pos Flash DIM

Question 38

What ordnance are you allowed to hangar the aircraft with?

Answer 38

A helicopter may be hangared in an alert condition with the torpedoes, marine markers, sonobuoys, and CADs in place, but safety devices shall not be removed from launchers until the helicopter is ready for takeoff.

Question 39

When are 2-way communications mandatory?

Answer 39

1. At night 2. During periods of low ceiling and visibility 3. For flight beyond visual range of the ship

Question 40

When does the ship wake extend above flight deck level and what is the safety concern when this occurs? (aka Rooster Tail)

Answer 40

-The ship wake extends above flight deck level at ship speeds greater than approximately 25 knots. -During night launch/recovery operations, aft extended lineup lights may be obscured by the large ship wake.

Question 41

Red regions of polar plots?

Answer 41

Rotors submerged

Question 42

All shipboard Visual Landing Aids (should/shall) be operative for night/low visibility ops.

Answer 42

Should It shall be NVD compliant

Question 43

Empty aux tank weight?

Answer 43

132 lbs

Question 44

When is positive control mandatory?

Answer 44

1. Ceiling less than 500 feet. 2. Forward flight visibility less than 1 mile. 3. All flight operations between 1/2 hour after sunset and 1/2 hour before sunrise except as modified by the OTC or the commanding officer.

Question 45

(Type 1) Dashed line for Vertrep clearance?

Answer 45

Centerline of the aircraft aligned directly over the line

Question 46

What is HERP? What are the safe distances?

Answer 46

Hazards of electromagnetic radiation to personnel Spy- high power- 520ft Spy- low power- 50 ft FCS- 1950 ft Flight deck and personnel on the helicopter are safe

Question 47

Lateral separation for helos air capable ships less than 50 miles? More than 50?

Answer 47

3 mile minimum 5 mile minimum

Question 48

HIFR winds?

Answer 48

300* - 360* rel. 10- 30 kts

Question 49

Lost comms for aircraft?

Answer 49

Squawk 7600 120* degree turns every 2 mins

Question 50

(Type 2) Vertrep "T" line clearance?

Answer 50

Main and tail Rotor hub on or aft of the T line

Question 51

Polar plots are measured how? And in what increments?

Answer 51

Up to 8 ft 8-10 ft 10-12 ft 5 kts increments

Question 52

Control zone of air capable ship? Who controls it Control area? Who controls it

Answer 52

5 nm radius 2500' MSL Gives way to aviation ships, airfields, and special use airspace Controlled by HCO 50nm radius Upper limit as assigned Controlled by CNTRL

Question 53

Permissible lighting degradations for Unaided Operations

Answer 53

Unaided VMC operations may be conducted in the event of a failure of not more than one of the light subsystems required for the ships facility certification provided: 1. A visible horizon exists and is discernible by aircraft commander in the shipboard landing/takeoff environment 2. The ships CO and the embarked OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting system is not critical to scheduled mission.

Question 54

Helicopter VMC mins are:

Answer 54

500-1

Question 55

Classes of Air capable ships: 1-3

Answer 55

Class 1- landing area with support (services and maintenance) facilities for aircraft certified Class 2- landing area with service facilities for aircraft certified Class 2A- landing area with limited service facilities for aircraft certified Class 3- landing area; no service facilities for aircraft certified

Question 56

Vertrep altitude?

Answer 56

100-150 ft short distance 500 ft for long distance *reduce oscillations by slowing airspeed

Question 57

Ships squat occurs when?

Answer 57

15 kts 6in per knot above 15kts

Question 58

Fly-off distances shall not exceed _____ % of max range of aircraft.

Answer 58

75%

Question 59

Signal for I require immediate landing?

Answer 59

Fly close aboard starboard quarter, floodlight/landing light ON. If no lights fire a red flare seaward

Question 60

What does HERO stand for?

Answer 60

Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance

Question 61

Loading ordinance on flight deck is always preferred. Loading on the hanger may be authorized by who?

Answer 61

CO when operational necessity dictates acceptance of added risk of fire.

Question 62

Define Shipboard Landing Environment

Answer 62

That phase of the approach, nominally from the Missed Approach Point (MAP) to flight deck landing during which the aircrew transitions from an instrument reference scan to a visual reference scan.

Question 63

What are the 3 levels of operations for air capable ships?

Answer 63

Level 1 IMC day/night Level 2 VMC day/night Level 3 VMC day only

Question 64

Signal for I desire to land but can wait?

Answer 64

Fly or hover by starboard side with Nav lights BRIGHT and FLASHING and anti collision lights ON.

Question 65

What frequency is FLT TAC?

Answer 65

277.8

Question 66

Engine turn ups require what?

Answer 66

FOD walk down Safety nets are down. Firefighting equipment is on station Permission obtained from OOD Unnecessary personnel are clear

Question 67

Overhead delta for air capable ships?

Answer 67

500ft left hand pattern around the ship

Question 68

What are the ideal winds for VERTREP

Answer 68

A relative head wind of 15 to 30 knots is considered ideal For a CV, this is 090*-270*, with 030*-330* being the optimum winds For Nonaviation/air capable ships, this is 090*-270, with 090*-030* and 330*-270* being optimum winds

Question 69

Hovering rotorcraft should be considered ships not under command. Ships shall not pass within _________

Answer 69

500 yds

Question 70

Wind limit for blade fold/spread or pylon/tail?

Answer 70

45 knots in any direction

Question 71

HIFR clearance in lost comms / EMCON

Answer 71

Helicopter hovers oriented fore and aft with the hoisting point over the "H" for hose pickup.

Question 72

Actual ELVA SHALL NOT be conducted unless?

Answer 72

The aircraft does not have adequate fuel to divert to a GCA equipped field / CCA ship

Question 73

Lights for Rotor engagement? Ship Day Ship NT

Answer 73

Ship Day: Position lights Flashing Ship NT: Position lights FLASHING DIM / Rotor Head LT ON

Question 74

LAMPS avionics may be continuously operated in temperatures below-

Answer 74

41*C

Question 75

What are the berthing requirements?

Answer 75

1. Officers — Embarked pilots shall be assigned staterooms commensurate with their rank. 2. Chief Petty Officers (CPOs) — CPO quarters. 3. Enlisted personnel — Berthed in a common compartment located as near aviation facilities as possible and feasible, located so as to be undisturbed by other personnel carrying out the ship’s normal routine

Question 76

Wind limit for engaging rotors?

Answer 76

Steady course. 45 knots in any direction or gust to 60 knots

Question 77

4 things you should consider before performing a smoke light approach?

Answer 77

Return to ship early Maneuver ship into better visibility Vectoring the aircraft to another ship where visibility is better Vectoring aircraft to suitable alternate field

Question 78

What are the three locations for submarine transfer in decreasing order of preference: When should it NOT be attempted

Answer 78

Center of main deck- SSBN only Winds from 320-350 at 15 to 20 kts Port sail plane/ top of sail (primary method for SSN)- Winds 010 to 040 at 15-20 kts Starboard sail plane- 160 to 200 at 15-20 kts. Min winds of 10kts *A transfer should not be attempted in a sea state above 4

Question 79

(Special Type 2) Vertrep Ball and "T" Line clearance?

Answer 79

Provides clearance for larger rotor craft when Main and tail rotor hub on or aft of the line

Question 80

The following lighting subsystems remain operational and available:

Answer 80

Overhead/forward structure floodlights Deck surface/ hanger wash floodlights Associated lighting control panels Advanced stabilized Glide Slope Indicator (if installed) Aviation Lighting System Control Panel Set (if installed)

Question 81

When is the SGSI required to be on? When must it be energized/

Answer 81

The SGSI (if operable) shall remain energized during the entire period of night (aided or unaided) operations The SGSI system must be energized in standby mode a minimum of 4 hours before scheduled flight operations.

Question 82

SAR Helicopter equipment

Answer 82

1. Operable hoist with rescue device. 2. Operable searchlight (for night SAR). 3. Sufficient liferafts to support passenger rescue equipments.

Question 83

Permissible lighting degradations for Aided Operations

Answer 83

Aided operations may be conducted in the event of a failure of more than one of the light subsystems required for the ships facility certification provided: A visible horizon exists and is discernible THROUGH the NVDs by the aircraft commander The ships CO and the embarked OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting systems are not critical to the scheduled mission. The following lighting subsystems remain operational and available: Overhead/forward structure floodlights Deck surface/ hanger wash floodlights Associated lighting control panels Advanced stabilized Glide Slope Indicator (if installed) Aviation Lighting System Control Panel Set (if installed)

Question 84

Night transfers to submarines shall not be attempted except in cases of _____.

Answer 84

Operational Necessity

Question 85

Alert 15

Answer 85

-Spotted for takeoff -Spread -Stores loaded -Aircrew Briefed for flight. Preflight inspection complete. Standing by on immediate call. -Ship At flight quarters. Fire party in immediate vicinity. -8 hr max

Question 86

For APU starts what is required?

Answer 86

OOD notification Fire bottle manned Flight deck clear of unnecessary personnel

Question 87

Which 6 personnel are required to traverse? Who are the Safety Observers?

Answer 87

LSO, FDD, brake rider, 2 chock/chainers, and power cable tender. For RAST-equipped air capable ships, an LSO, or traverse-qualified member of the detachment, and power cable tender are required and will act as the two safety observers

Question 88

Personnel being transferred via hoist shall be provided what?

Answer 88

shall be provided an inflatable lifejacket and protective headgear with eye protection. Personnel should wear gloves if available

Question 89

Air Capable Ship Definition

Answer 89

All ships other than CVN/LHD from which aircraft can takeoff, be recovered, and routinely receive and transfer logistical support

Question 90

Clear Deck Recovery

Answer 90

landing without the use of an RSD

Question 91

Free Deck Recovery

Answer 91

landing with the use of an RSD

Question 92

Recovery Assisted Recovery

Answer 92

recovery using the haul-down cable and RSD portions of the RAST system

Question 93

Father/Mother/Parrot

Answer 93

TACAN/Ship/Mode C Transponder

Question 94

NVD Compliant

Answer 94

refers to NVD compatible, NVD shipboard friendly, and NVD non-compatible that has been baffled, dimmed or hidden from direct line of sight of aided operator

Question 95

NVD Compatible

Answer 95

Only required for unaided operators Does NOT effect aided operators

Question 96

NVD Shipboard Friendly

Answer 96

Required to be seen by both aided and unaided operators

Question 97

NVD Covert

Answer 97

Only required to be seen by aided operator Does NOT effect unaided operator

Question 98

Optimum Winds for Normal Operations

Answer 98

winds down the line up line approximately 1/2 max speed allowed by wind envelope

Question 99

Optimum Winds for Single-Engine Landings

Answer 99

RELATIVE winds down the line up line at max allowed speed by wind envelope

Question 100

Optimum Winds for Up-the Stern Approach

Answer 100

winds 10-20* off the port bow at 1/2 max allowable speed

Question 101

Define Shipboard Takeoff Environment

Answer 101

the phase of the departure from flight deck takeoff to a prebriefed altitude of at least 150' during which aircrew transitions from visual scan to instrument scan. Pilot transitions from visual scan to instrument scan once positive rates of climb is attained and obstruction clearance is assured

Question 102

Significant wave height

Answer 102

average trough to crest of the 1/3 highest waves

Question 103

Red Deck signifies

Answer 103

Ship is free to maneuver

Question 104

Amber Deck

Answer 104

ship is within wind engagement limits and restricted in course

Question 105

Green Deck

Answer 105

ship is within engagement limits, restricted in course AND ready for flight operations

Question 106

ASGI

Answer 106

- 3 mile acquisition - green 4.5* - amber 1* - red 4.5* For daytime flight operations, pilot flies the amber-red interface to maintain 3* glideslope and minimize large changes

Question 107

Limits may be reduced by pilot when the following conditions exist

Answer 107

1. Nonstandard ship configuration affecting ship/aircraft clearance, ship motion, turbulence 2. Crew Proficiency 3. Aircraft degradation / failure

Question 108

DDG ships operating within red regions of Wave Hazard Plots are ...

Answer 108

-prohibited with aircraft and/or personnel on the flight deck or aft lookout

Question 109

Can DDG operate in yellow region

Answer 109

-Yes but with restrictions -Consideration given to traversing the aircraft into the hangar and removing flight personnel from flight deck -If aircraft/personnel on flight deck in known heavy seas (>8 feet) OOD SHALL continually update CO prior to entry into yellow or red region -Warning: operating in the Red/Yellow Region may result in injury or death

Question 110

Operating in yellow or red region of the Wave Hazard Plots

Answer 110

operations in red or yellow with aircraft or personnel on the flight deck may cause injury or death

Question 111

When SHALL personnel wear flotation devices on flight deck

Answer 111

-Nets are down -Night time (sunset - sunrise)

Question 112

What is the concern during UNREP

Answer 112

wave reinforcement phenomena caused by two ships in proximity may generate large waves in moderate seas resulting in possibility of aircraft or personnel being struck

Question 113

Aft quartering seas do what?

Answer 113

Reduce ship stability and may quickly and unpredictably generate large deck motions

Question 114

Aboard a DDG 79 class ship, wake extends above flight deck at what speeds? What is the risk?

Answer 114

>25 kts During Night launches and recoveries, aft extended line up may be obscured by large ship wave when > 25 kts

Question 115

What is the concern with landing / taking off with a tailwind

Answer 115

Downwash from rotor system may result in undesired lifting of safety nets during final approach phase of shipboard recovery

Question 116

Multinational Cross deck Operations

Answer 116

Ship Helicopter Operating Limit (SHOL) HOSTAC Ship Facilities Resume

Question 117

Horizon Reference Unit

Answer 117

Plane guard ship may be assigned HRU for aircraft carrier. Ships maneuvering restrictions on the ship and may prevent acceptable helicopter launches and recoveries ie should be avoided while ship is HRU

Question 118

Maneuvering Restrictions During Flight Operations -Helicopter on deck, locked in RSD with potential for ship rolls to exceed what roll?

Answer 118

10*, and launch is NOT imminent

Question 119

True winds abaft the beam are NOT recommended when

Answer 119

Night / IMC launches and recoveries -faster closure rate -slower KIAS to match ground speed closure -higher nose attitude required to maintain closure rate -SHALL only be conducted with PIC in concurrence

Question 120

IMC or Night Operations takeoff

Answer 120

SHALL depart on the stipulated departure course, climbing to a minimum of 300' prior to commencing a turn (we don't do this)

Question 121

TACAN approach mins

Answer 121

200-1/2 (0.5) ie where you commence your decent

Question 122

Operational Necessity for the -122 (10)

Answer 122

1. Cold Wx Pax Transfer: personnel transfers to or from ship during cold-weather ops should be kept to a minimum as required by op necessity. Authority: Ship CO 2. Pax Transfer at Night: flights to/from ship SHALL be limited to operational necessity per CNAF. Authority: Ship CO 3. Night transfer to submarine: SHALL NOT be attempted except in cases of operational necessity. Authority: Ship CO 4. Night HIFR: following conditions SHALL exist (1) visible horizon as viewed by pilot (2) less than 5* pitch / 10* roll (3) Turn HIFR lighting and position LSE with wands at control point (4) comms with helo providing numbers. Authority: Ship CO 5. Load Ordnance in Hangar: SHALL be limited to aircraft scheduled for next launch/alert launch. Authority: Ship CO 6. Manual mvmnt of helicopter: with degraded traversing system, manual movement is authorized in cases of emergency or operational necessity. Authority: Fleet Commander 7. Operations with Uncertified ships. Authority: COMNAVAIR 8. Close Proximity Operations: within 10 nm of CV/LHA, unscheduled launches/recoveries are permissible for emergencies or operational necessity. Authority: OTC or Ship CO 9. Aircraft with external loads overflying ship. Authority: Ship CO 10: Liquid Oxygen Transport: extremely dangerous to carry in helicopter. Authority: TYCOM or Higher