岳陽樓記 北宋 范仲淹 Flashcards

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1
Q

岳陽樓記背默

A

四年春,滕子京謫守巴陵郡。越明年,政通人和,百廢具興。
乃重修岳陽樓,增其舊制,刻唐賢 、今人詩賦於其上;屬予作文以記之。
予觀夫巴陵勝狀,在洞庭一湖。銜遠山,吞長江 ,浩浩湯湯,橫無際涯;朝暉夕陰,氣象萬千。此則岳陽樓之大觀也,前人之述備矣。
然則北通巫峽,南 瀟湘,遷客騷人,多會於此, 物之情,得無異乎?
若夫 雨霏霏,連月不開;陰風怒號,濁浪排空 ;日星隱耀,山岳潛形;商旅不行, 檣傾楫摧 ;薄 冥冥,虎嘯猿啼。登斯樓也,則
有去國懷鄉,憂讒畏譏, 滿目蕭然 ,感極而悲者矣。
至若春和景明 ,波瀾不驚 ,上下天光,一碧萬頃;沙鷗翔集,錦鱗 游泳,岸芷汀蘭,郁郁青青。而或長煙一空,皓月千里,浮光躍金,
靜影沉 ;漁歌互答,此樂何極 ﹗登斯樓也,則有心曠神怡,寵辱皆忘,把酒臨風,其喜洋洋者矣。
嗟夫! 予嘗求古仁人之心,或異二者之為 。何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲。 居廟堂之高,則憂其民;處江湖之遠,則憂其君。是進亦憂,
退亦憂,然則何時而樂耶?其必曰:「先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂」歟!噫!微斯人, 吾誰與歸﹗

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2
Q

越明年

A

*

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3
Q

政通人和

A

政務通達,百姓和樂

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4
Q

百廢俱興

A

很多廢弛多年的事業重新興辦起來了

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5
Q

A

於是

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6
Q

增其舊制

A

*擴大他原有的規模

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7
Q

A

名家

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8
Q

A

詩人

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9
Q

A

囑咐

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10
Q

銜遠山,吞長江

A

*張開口含著,吞

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11
Q

浩浩湯湯,横無際涯

A

水勢洶湧,廣闊無邊

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12
Q

朝暉夕陰氣象萬千

A

早上和傍晚的景色時而明亮時而晦暗,千變萬化

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13
Q

然則

A

這樣,那麼

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14
Q

遷客騷人

A

失意的文人

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15
Q

A

聚集

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16
Q

A

能夠

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17
Q

陰風怒號,濁浪排空

A

淒冷的狂風怒吼,混濁巨浪直衝天空

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18
Q

隱耀

A

光輝隱藏了

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19
Q

A

形跡

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20
Q

檣傾楫摧

A

桅杆倒下,船槳折斷!!

21
Q

薄暮冥冥

A

傍晚天色昏暗

22
Q

虎嘯猿啼

A

老虎長嘯,猿猴哀啼

23
Q

憂讒畏譏

A

擔心害怕遭人說壞話和譏諷

24
Q

蕭然

A

蕭條零落的景象

25
Q

春和景明

A

春風和煦 ,陽光明媚

26
Q

波瀾不驚

A

波浪不興

27
Q

上下天光,一碧萬頃

A

*上下(天上海上)天色與湖光相接,一片碧綠

28
Q

岸芷汀蘭,郁郁青青

A

*湖岸上的白芷蘭花(等香草(看分析还是翻译)),香味濃郁,花葉茂盛

29
Q

A

消散

30
Q

千里

A

一瀉千里

31
Q

A

窮盡

32
Q

心曠神怡

A

*心情曠?達,精神合宜

33
Q

A

環境的好壞

34
Q

A

個人得失

35
Q

A

百姓

36
Q

古仁人

A

古時賢德的人

37
Q

A

思想感情

38
Q

A

同道

39
Q

遷客騷人

A

1 擔心害怕(翻原文),由極度感慨產生的悲傷的情感(景聯繫到 a路途艱險難行,b勾起對京城故鄉的懷念感慨,c命途坎坷,氣氛肅殺)
2開朗愉快,自覺渺小“寵辱皆忘”(景色生氣勃勃,優美,雄闊)

40
Q

主旨

A

*作者記滕子京重修岳陽樓一事,以遷客騷人因環境好壞和個人的事得失或喜或悲反襯古時聖賢不因此而因天下大局喜悲,表達自己憂國憂民的抱負以及含蓄勉勵滕子京亦以此為目標。

41
Q

岳陽樓記寫作特點

A

結構嚴謹(原因,洞庭湖景色,岳陽樓景色及感受,引出嚮慕和抱負(事景情理,流暢自然)
呼應緊密(江湖之遠-謫守-遷客騷人)(前人之述備矣-唐賢、今人詩賦)
句子整齊(3、4段連接詞,虛詞以外四字句整齊,節奏感,朗朗上口,工整)

42
Q

感官描寫

A

視:上下天光一碧萬頃、岸芷汀蘭郁郁青青
聽:陰風怒號、虎嘯猿啼、漁歌互答
動態:濁浪排空、沙鷗翔集,錦鱗游泳、浮光躍金
靜態:長煙一空,皓月千里、靜影沉璧

43
Q

政通人和,百廢俱興

A

先公後私,共勉之

44
Q

浮光躍金,靜影沉璧

A

暗喻
動態

45
Q

銜遠山,吞長江

A

擬人
對偶

46
Q

北通巫峽,南極瀟湘

A

對偶

47
Q

沙鷗翔集,錦鱗游泳

A

動態
對偶
借代

48
Q

修辭。。。

A