壓力與情緒管理 Flashcards

1
Q

人在強大生理壓力下的一般適應症候群( General Adaptation Syndrome; GAS)

A

– 腎上腺皮質增大,持續釋放腎上腺皮質素
– 淋巴系統相關生理結構退化
– 腸胃潰瘍或出血

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2
Q

抗壓歷程

A

– 警覺反應期
– 抵抗期
– 衰竭期

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3
Q

ABC人格理論:

A

¤ A代表引發的事件(Antecedent)
¤ B代表個人抱持的信念(Belief)
¤ C代表最後結果(Conclusion)

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4
Q

有嚴重攻擊史的人,其杏仁核有XXX現象。推 測杏仁核與預期未來負面後果有關,有暴怒傾 向的人較缺乏這種預測的能力、或是同理心。

A

萎縮

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5
Q

情緒失控的兩個原因

A

1.大腦皮質功能不足,送往邊緣系統的訊 號太弱,無法抑制杏仁核的衝動。
2.在沒有外在刺激下,杏仁核自發的活化 太強,所以沒有辦法接受到大腦皮質的 壓抑訊息而降低。

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6
Q

高血壓的定義

A

≧ 130/80(

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7
Q

心絞痛的一群人常是身體健壯、充滿精力、敏捷、充滿野心, 年齡XXX,事業有成的人。

A

45-55

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8
Q

為何緊張時會一直想上大號?

A

因為緊急時,會讓胃、小腸蠕動減少,但是大腸的蠕動增加,以致會想 大便或拉肚子。

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9
Q

為何緊張時有的人會大吃,有人卻無食慾?

A

– 腎上腺髓質釋放正腎上腺素激起交感神經會抑制食慾
– 腎上腺皮質釋放可體松(cortisol) (糖皮質素(glucocorticoid)),調升 血糖應付危機,因此也會促進食慾

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10
Q

中度短暫的壓力可以增強記憶力。因為交感 神經可以增加腦部的血流量,且XXXXXXXXXXX,以致增強記憶。

A

增加糖皮質 素影響海馬

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11
Q

長期高度的壓力底下,記憶力反而差。因為 此時長期的壓力賀爾蒙糖皮質素會XXXXXXXXX

A

殺死海馬 的神經元。

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12
Q

「重鬱症」診斷標準要求持續XXXX,每天大部分時間內,出現至少XX與 憂鬱情緒相關的特徵性症狀,並且必須包括XXXXXXXXXXX的其中一項,同時伴隨有功能上的顯著變化。

A

兩個星期

五項

(1)憂鬱情緒或(2)喪失興趣或愉悅 感

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13
Q

創傷後壓力疾患治療

A

創傷為焦點之認知行為治 療

動眼減敏再處理法

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14
Q

Paxil

A

百憂解

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15
Q

Zoloft

A

樂復得

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16
Q

duloxetine

A

千憂解

17
Q

zolpidem

A

助眠劑史蒂諾斯