Zoonotic Infection Flashcards
cattle
Ingestion of meat
– usually if undercooked
- E. coli O157 (bact)
- Salmonella enterica (bact)
- Prions (leading to variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)
- Taenia saginata (Beef tapeworm)
- Toxoplasma gondii (Protazoa)
cattle, sheep & goats
Ingestion of milk/dairy products
• Listeria monocytogenes • Brucella abortus • Mycobacterium bovis • Salmonella enterica • Campylobacter species • Shiga toxin-producing E. coli • Shigella • Yersinia enterocolitica - Giardia • Norovirus
cattle
Contact with animal hides
• Bacillus anthracis
• Brucella abortus
Inhalation
• Coxiella burnetii
• Bacillus anthracis
• Mycobacterium bovis
sheep
Direct contact
• Bacillus anthracis
• Brucella melitensis
Inhalation
• Coxiella burnetii
• Bacillus anthracis
• Brucella melitensis
swine
Ingestion of meat
• Taenia solium
• Trichinella spiralis
• Brucella suis
Inhalation
• Influenza A virus
• Brucella suis
Direct contact
• Brucella suis
poultry
Ingestion of meat or eggs
• Salmonella enterica
• Campylobacter jejuni
Inhalation
• Chlamydophila psittaci (turkey)
• Influenza A virus
dogs
Ingestion of dog feces • Yersinia enterocolitica • Salmonella enterica • Campylobacter jejuni • Toxocara canis
Contact with dog urine
• Leptospira
Dog bite
• Rabies virus
• Pasteurella multocida
• Francisella tularensis
Direct contact
• Brucella canis
cats
Ingestion of cat feces
• Campylobacter
• Yersinia enterocolitica
• Toxoplasma gondii
Inhalation
• Coxiella burnetii
• Yersinia pestis (pneumonic plague)
Cat bite
• Pasteurella multocida
• Rabies virus
• Francisella tularensis
Cat scratch
• Bartonella henselae
turtles
Ingestion of feces
• Salmonella enterica
rodents
Contact with rodent feces
• Salmonella enterica
• Yersinia enterocolitis
Contact with rodent urine
• Leptospira interrogans (rats)
Rodent bite
• Streptobacillus moniliformis (rats)
Inhalation
• Hantavirus (mouse)
• Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (mouse)
bats
Bat bite • Rabies virus • SARS & MERS coronaviruses • Marburg & ebola viruses • Nipah and Hendra viruses
Inhalation
• Histoplasma capsulatum
Birds
Inhalation • Chlamydophila psittaci (Psittacine birds, pigeons) • Cryptococcus neoformans (Pigeons) • Histoplasma capsulatum (Starlings) • Francisella tularensis
Rabbits
• Francisella tularensis
Civet cats
• SARS coronavirus
Beavers
• Giardia lamblia
Aedes (mosquito)
- Dengue fever
- Yellow fever (monkeys)
- Chikungunya
- California encephalitis (small mammals, wild rodents)
Anopheles (mosquito)
• Malaria
Culex (mosquito)
- West Nile fever (birds)
- St. Louis encephalitis (birds)
- Western equine encephalitis (birds)
- Lymphatic filariasis
Culiseta (swamp) (mosquito)
• Eastern equine encephalitis (birds)
Ixodes
Black-legged tick/deer tick; western black-legged tick
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Babesia microti (I. scapularis only)
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick)
- Colorado tick fever virus
- Rickettsia rickettsii
- Fransicella tularensis
Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick)
- Rickettsia rickettsii
* Fransicella tularensis
Ambylomma americanum (Lone star stick)
- Ehrlichia species
- Fransicella tularensis
- Heartland virus (new, 8 cases in 2014)
Ornithodoros (“soft ticks”)
• Borrelia species (tick-borne relapsing fever)
Onchocerca volvulus
• Onchocerciasis = river blindness
Yersinia pestis
• Plague (rodents)
Rickettsia typhi
• Murine typhus (rodents)
Trypanosoma cruzi
• Chagas disease = American trypanosomiasis
Trypanosoma brucei
• African sleeping sickness = African trypanomiasis)
Leishmania species
• Leishmaniasis
- Schistosoma mansoni,
- S. haematobium, or
- S. japonicum
• Schistosomiasis
