Protozoal Diarrhea

Question 1

Entamoeba Histolytica

Answer 1

Protozoan
•humans principal hosts, reservoirs
oinstitutions, prisons, migrant labor camps
oin developed countries usually migrants from or travelers to underdeveloped countries (**water, food)
-*multiplying trophozoites penetrate *colon, liver
Virulence
•adhesins, *proteases → ulcers
•pore-forming protein *cytotoxin
Disease
-causes *amebiasis
-*amebic dysentery, diarrhea w/ *blood and mucus in stool
-*flask-shaped ulcers
-*amebic liver absecsses
Diagnosis
-cysts (trophozoites) in stool
-*"anchovy paste"

Question 2

Giardia lamblia

Answer 2

Protozoan
-heart or tear shaped trophozoite
-*binucleate
-flagellated
-*cyst have 4 nuclei
•hiking, camping, day-care centers, institutions
•foodborne rare for Giardia
Virulence
•large ventral sucker	
•Flagella
-multiplying trophozoites in *duodenum, jejunum
Disease
-causes *giardiasis
•foul-smelling, watery, greasy diarrhea
-*steatorrhea
Diagnosis
-cysts (trophozoites) in stool

Question 3

Cryptosporidium

Answer 3

Protozoan
•intracellular (intestinal epithelial cells)
•frequent cause diarrhea daycare centers, *male homosexuals
•chronic, life-threatening illness in ICP
oAIDS-defining condition
-multiplying trophozoites intracellular in mucosal epithelial cells small intest.
Disease
-causes cryptosporidiosis
-mild to fulminant diarrhea
Diagnosis
-cysts in stool
-*acid-fast=pink/red