Zoonoses Flashcards
What is a zoonose?
Infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans
Why are diseases like malaria and schistosomiasis not considered zoonoses?
Although they are transmitted through animals they depend on the human host for part of their life-cycle
What is anthroponosis?
Reverse zoonoses
Humans infecting animals
E.g. Influenza, strep throat
What are some common zoonoses in the UK?
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Toxoplasma
Ringworm
How does rabies act?
Incubation period of 2 weeks to several months
Travels to brain via peripheral nerves
Causes an acute encephalitis
What are some symptoms of rabies?
Malaise Headache Fever Mania Lethargy Coma Overproduction of saliva and tears Respiratory failure
How is rabies diagnosed?
PCR of saliva or CSF
Is rabies always fatal if untreated?
Yes
How are humans infected by brucellosis?
Drinking milk of infected animals
During parturition
Handling carcasses of infected animals
Consumption of unpasteurised dairy milk
What are some symptoms of brucellosis?
High undulant fever Weakness Headaches Drenching sweats Splenomegaly Fever Joint pains
How is brucellosis treated?
Long acting doxacycline for 2-3 months with rifampicin or IM gentamycin for first weeks
How may leptospirosis present?
Fever Myalgia Meningism No jaundice Headaches Abdominal pain
How is mild leptospirosis treated?
Doxycyclin
How is severe leptospirosis treated?
IV penicillin
