Antimicrobial chemotherapy Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 4 main mechanisms of resistance for antibiotics?
A
Enzymatic inactivation of the drug
Modified targets for drugs
Reduced permeability to drug
Efflux of drug
2
Q
What are the 2 genetic modes of resistance?
A
Chromosomally mediated
Plasmid mediated
3
Q
How does plasmid mediated response work?
A
Plasmids replicate independent of cell chromosome
Carry genes for enzymes which degrade antibiotics and modify membrane transport systems
4
Q
How does plasmid mediated resistance spread?
A
Bacteria conjugate
Transfer resistance genes to other species
Some may take up plasmids by transformation
5
Q
What are some medically important resistant organisms?
A
MRSA VRE ESBL CPE Clostridium Difficile
6
Q
What are some reasons for failure of therapy?
A
Inadequate dose of antibiotic Inappropriate route Non-compliance with antibiotic Bacteria walled off in abscess cavity Foreign bodies Poor penetration of drug to site of infection
7
Q
How is indication, duration and course recorded?
A
Kardex
