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MSII: Microbio Unit 2 > Zoonoses (5) > Flashcards

Zoonoses (5) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a zoonosis?

A

disease and infection naturally transmitted btwn animals and humans

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2
Q

What is bacillus anthracis’s vector?

A

none

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3
Q

What type of bacteria is bacillus anthracis?

A

gram + rod

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4
Q

What is the main reservoir for bacillus anthracis?

A

cows

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5
Q

What are the three types of diseases that occur with bacillus anthracis?

A
  1. cutaneous - eschars
  2. inhalational
  3. GI
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6
Q

What is the vector for tularemia?

A

ticks, mosquitoes, deer flies

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7
Q

What is the reservoir for tularemia ?

A

most commonly rabbits

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8
Q

what type of bacteria is tularemia?

A

gram negative rod

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9
Q

What are the 5 disease manifestations of tularemia?

A
  1. ulceroglandular - most common
    - ulcer and swelling of regional LNs
  2. glandular - similar but w/o ulcer
  3. oculoglandular - bacteria enter the eye
    - eye irritation and swollen axillary LNs
  4. oropharyngeal - eating or drinking contaminated food/water
    - sore throat, ulcers, swelling of glands
  5. pneumonic - most serious form
    - cough, chest pain, SOB
    - breathing dusts of dead organism - lawn mower
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10
Q

What type of organism is brucella?

A

gram negative bacillus

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11
Q

What is the vector for brucella?

A

none

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12
Q

What are the three methods of transmission for brucella and what setting is it commonly associated with?

A

-farm animals

  1. contact with conjunctiva or broken skin
  2. ingestion of raw milk, undercooked meat
  3. inhalation of aerosoles - pens, stables
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13
Q

What is the main characteristic of brucella infection?

A

cyclical fever

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14
Q

Brucella infection can affect many organs, which organ is associated with the most common cause of death from brucella?

A

heart –>endocarditis

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15
Q

If brucella affects the GU system what occurs?

A

orchitis and epidymitis

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16
Q

What is the reservoir and vector for yersinia pestis?

A

reservoir: rat
vector: flea

17
Q

What type of bacteria is yersinia pestis?

A

gram negative

18
Q

What are the three disease manifestations of yersinia pestis?

A
  1. bubonic plague - most common
    - rapid fever, painful LNs
  2. pneumonic
    - high fever, pneumonia, chills
  3. septicemic
    - fever, hemorrhagic thrombotic, acral gangrene
19
Q

What is the other name for infection with bartonella henselae?

A

“cat scratch disease”

20
Q

What are the reservoir and vectors for bartonella?

A

reservoir: cats
vectors: fleas and ticks

21
Q

What are the usual symptoms of infection with bartonella?

A

1, fever, enlarged LNs

2. pustule at inocculation site

22
Q

What are the unusual symptoms of infection with bartonella?

A
  • granulomatous conjunctivitis
  • neuroretinitis
  • atypical pneumonia
  • endocarditis
23
Q

How does bartonella manifest in an immunocompromised patient?

A
  • bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatitis
  • pustules that hang off
  • disseminated infection
24
Q

What is the most common pathogen associated with the following:

  1. dog bites
  2. cat bites
A
  1. capnocytophaga canimorsus

2. pasteurella multocida

25
Q

Why do cat bites more commonly result in septic infection?

A

teeth penetrate deeper

26
Q

What are the symptoms of infection with pasteurella?

A

-cellulitis or abscesses +/- bacteremia

if bacteremia:

  • pneumonia and endocarditis can occur
  • metastatic seeding of internal organs
  • meningitis - rare
27
Q

Who is likely to get meningitis from pasteurella?

A

elderly and kids

28
Q

What type of bacteria is canocytophaga canimorsus?

A

facultative anaerobic gram neg rod

29
Q

Who is likely to get a severe infection from canocytophaga canimorsus?

A

alcoholics or asplenic patients

30
Q

What type of bacteria is leptospirosis?

A

spirochete

31
Q

What is the reservoir for leptospirosis?

A

pets and livestock

32
Q

What is the most likely way for humans to contract leptospirosis?

A

contaminated water supply

33
Q

What are the two disease manifestations of leptospirosis?

A
  1. anicteric - acute sepsis, break and then mild organ symptoms
  2. icteric - acute sepsis, little or no break, major organ failures
34
Q

Both the icteric and anicteric forms of leptospirosis infection have what common symptom?

A

conjunctival subfusion - redness w/o exudate

35
Q

How is leptospirosis infection confirmed?

A

darkfield microscopy NOT gram stain

36
Q

Treatment of leptospirosis is unique because what can occur as a result of the antibiotics?

A

jarish-herxheimer reaction

37
Q

Are there any vaccines for leptospirosis?

A

not in the US, but foreign countries have it for local serovars

MSII: Microbio Unit 2 (10 decks)

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