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MSII: Microbio Unit 2 > viral infections of the skin (7) > Flashcards

viral infections of the skin (7) Flashcards

1
Q

where do exogenous infections come from?

A
  • Infection at the site of the lesion
  • Breaks in skin integrity: cuts, insect bites, pimples
  • Or on mucus membranes
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2
Q

where do endogenous infections come from?

A
  • Disseminated infection
  • Spread through blood (viremia) or lymph
  • Reactivation from latency: herpes virus (Neurons, lymphocytes)
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3
Q

dfine exanthem

A

an eruptive disease, infectious rash

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4
Q

define popular

A

raised discolored patch

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5
Q

if a rash is a dermatitis, is it infectious?

A

no

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6
Q

define umbilicated. give an example of a rash that is umbilicated

A

dimple in the center of the postule

molluscum contagiousum

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7
Q

describe the characteristics of the Herpes simplex virus

A

large, enveloped DNA virus

8 diff species

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8
Q

what is the treatment for the primary HSV-1 infection?

A

antivirals

oral acyclovir or derivative

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9
Q

what is the name of a the recurrent HSV1 infection?

A

herpes labialis (cold sores)

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10
Q

what will trigger herpes labialis?

A

fever, UV, exposures, hormones, stress, physical trauma

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11
Q

what can you do for treatment of recurrent HSV1 infections

A

can put someone on an antiviral daily, or they can take it when they feel the cold sore coming on

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12
Q

what is herpetic whitlos

A

primary HSV1 or HSV2 infection of non mucosal sites acquired by direct contact

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13
Q

what population of ppl is herpetic whitlos infection seen on?

A

used to be seen on dentists and dental hygienist, not any more bc gloves but can be seen on wrestlers

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14
Q

what is the treatment for herpetic whitlos?

A

acyclovir and derivatives

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15
Q

describe the rash seen in HSV2 primary infection

A

Extensive vesicular, pustular or erythematous lesions on penis, labia, anus

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16
Q

describe the prodrome phase of recurrent genital herpes

A

itching, tingling at site of lesion before outbreak

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17
Q

where does HSV3 (varicella zoster) infections take latency?

A

dorsal root ganglia

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18
Q

how is varicella transmitted?

A

aerosol

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19
Q

describe the rash in varicella

A

“dew drops on rose petals”. Few to hundreds on face and trunk
Lesions are itchy, vesicular from scabs that may scar

20
Q

can you transmit zoster?

A

no, you would give a naive person varicella

21
Q

describe the rash in shingles

A

Vesicular lesions are extremely painful and pruritic

22
Q

list some of the complications of shingles

A

keratitis, retinitis, bell’s palsy, postherpetic neuralgia

23
Q

what is the name of the vaccine for varicella? who should get it

A

varivax.

ppl age 1-60

24
Q

what is the vaccine for zoster? who should get it

A

zostavax

greater than 50

25
Q

what cells does EBV infect? what disease does it cause

A

infects B cells

mononucleosis

26
Q

in immunosupressed, how can recurrent EBV infection present? describe this infection

A

oral hairy leukoplakia
epithelial overgrowth
Nonpainful hairy or feathery lesions on the tongue or buccal mucosa

27
Q

what are 2 major differences between EBV and CMV

A

EBV: sore throat
CMV: petechial rash

28
Q

what herpes viruses cause roseola? what cells are infected?

A

HHV6b and HHV7 infects CD4 T cells

29
Q

how is roseola transmitted

A

by salvia. RASH IS NOT CONTAGIOUS

30
Q

what can often happen when a child comes into the doc office with roseola?

A

many infants mistakenly given antibodies for suspected infection then the rash a few days after fever is attributed to drug allergy

31
Q

what herpes virus causes kaposi sarcoma? what cells is it found in

A

HHV8 found in B cells and endothelial cells

32
Q

describe the coxsacki virus

A

Small, naked, positive strand, ssRNA virus, enterovrius related to poliovirus

33
Q

what are the 2 skin manifestations of coxsakie virus? explain both

A
  1. Herpangina- Throat infection causes red-ringed blisters and ulcers on the tonsils and soft palate “painful red blisters in the mouth”
  2. Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis-Begins as eye pain, then red, watery eyes with swelling, light sensitivity and blurred virus
34
Q

what is the common name for the coxsacki virus? why is it called this?

A

hand foot and mouth disease

-painful red blisters in the throat, tongue, gums, hard palate, inside the cheeks and palms of hands and soles

35
Q

how is coxsacki spread?

A
  • Spread on hands and surfaces, contaminated feces and salvia
  • also aerosol spread from sneezes and coughs
36
Q

describe the HPV virus

A

Small naked DNA virus

37
Q

T/F: there will be inflammation associated with the HPV rash

A

NO. warts are NOT red because there is no inflammation

38
Q

describe the poxvirus in molluscum contagiosum

A

large enveloped DNA virus

39
Q

describe the rash in molluscum contagiosum

A

Lesions are pearly, flesh colored, raised and umbilicated (due to a small collapse in the vesicle)

40
Q

what is the virus in small pox?

A

variola virus

41
Q

what children should not get the small pox vaccine?

A

kids with eczema! and kids that are immunosuppresed (necrosum or gangrenosum)-the immunosuppresed kids will die

42
Q

describe the measles virus

A

Paramyxovirus, enveloped, negative strand RNA

43
Q

describe the spots seen in measles. are they contagious?

A

Koplik’s spots: small red spots with bluish centers on the buccal mucosa
this rash is NOT contagious!! the virus is spread by respiratory spread during times of aymptomatcy

44
Q

describe the virus in rubella

A

Togavirus, enveloped, positive strand RNA

45
Q

what will the presenting signs of rubella be?

A

Will see maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy, arthralagia

46
Q

is the rubella rash contagious?

A

NO! it is spread via respiratory droplets

MSII: Microbio Unit 2 (10 decks)

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