zEmergency Medicine/Toxicology

Question 1

antidote for acetaminophen

Answer 1

N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)

Question 2

antidote for aspirin

Answer 2

bicarbonate to alkalinize the urine

Question 3

antidote for benzodiazepines

Answer 3

NOTHING; let the patient sleep!

do NOT give flumazenil; may precipitate seizure

Question 4

antidote for carbon monoxide (CO)

Answer 4

100% O2; hyperbaric if needed

Question 5

antidote for digoxin

Answer 5

digoxin-binding Abs (Digibind)

Question 6

antidote for ethylene glycol

Answer 6

fomepizole or ethanol

Question 7

antidote for methanol

Answer 7

fomepizole or ethanol

Question 8

antidote for methemoglobinemia

Answer 8

methylene blue

Question 9

antidote for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Answer 9

bromocriptine or dantrolene

Question 10

antidote for opiates

Answer 10

naloxone

Question 11

antidote for organophosphates

Answer 11

atropine or pralidoxime

Question 12

antidote for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Answer 12

bicarbonate to protect the heart

Question 13

how much time do you have to give N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in acetaminophen toxicity?

Answer 13

24 hours

Question 14

what happens in aspirin/salicylate overdose?

Answer 14

1. respiratory alkalosis (hyperventilation)

2. metabolic acidosis (d/t loss of Krebs cycle in mitochondria)

Question 15

what should you order on all overdose patients?

Answer 15

aspirin, acetaminophen, and EtOH levels

Question 16

_____ may lead to digoxin toxicity, but digoxin toxicity may lead to _____

Answer 16

• hypOkalemia

- hypERkalemia

Question 17

cyanosis with normal pO2 THINK OF

Answer 17

methemoglobinemia

Question 18

hypothermia EKG finding

Answer 18

J-waves of Osborn

Question 19

• red eye and fixed midpoint pupil
• rock-hard
• painful

Answer 19

acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 20

sudden loss of vision like “a curtain coming down”

Answer 20

retinal detachment

Question 21

• B/L watery d/c

- itchy eyes

Answer 21

viral conjunctivitis

Question 22

• U/L purulent d/c

- eyelids stuck together

Answer 22

bacterial conjunctivitis

Question 23

• h/o trauma

- most commonly from contact lenses

Answer 23

abrasion