YR 9 - Renaissance (MTT): Ideas about the causes of disease and illness

Question 1

Who is Thomas Sydenham?

Individuals

Answer 1

• Known as the “English Hippocrates”
• Well-respected doctor in London in 1660/1670s
• The impact after his death is that he started scientific approach to disease.

Question 2

What were Thomas Sydenham’s beliefs?

Individuals

Answer 2

• Medical books should not be relied on
• Diseases were like plants and animals which could be organised in several types of groups.
• The nature of the patient had little to do with the disease (tackles Theory of the 4 Humours)
• Encouraged students to closely observe their patients, write detailed descriptions of their symptoms, which he saw as side effects rather than seeing them seperately as disease, and try and tackle the disease.

Question 3

What did Thomas Sydenham do?

Individuals

Answer 3

• In 1676, he made a medical textbook that theorised that disease was caused by eternal factors, rather than the four humours.

Question 4

Who invented the printing press?

Science and Technology

Answer 4

• c1440, Johannes Hutenbergd invented the worlds first printing press
• Was a German Goldsmith

Question 5

How did the printing press help?

Science and Technology

Answer 5

• Helped new ideas about medicine and disease/illness spread
  ➥Easier to spread information
• Scientist could publish new ideas easily
• Took book copying out of the hands of the church (results in church losing power)

Question 6

How did Paracelsus create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 6

• In 1526, Paracelsus theorised that disease was caused by problems with chemicals in the body.

Question 7

How did Fracastoro create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 7

• In 1546, Fracastoro published a text called On Contagion, suggesting that disease was caused by seeds that spread in the air.

Question 8

How did Harvey create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 8

• In 1628, Harvey proved that blood circulated around the body.

Question 9

How did Van Helmont create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 9

• In 1648, Vanhelmont claimed that digestion happened because of stomach acid, rather than anything to do with the 4 humours.

Question 10

How did Hooke create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 10

• In 1665, Hook developed a more powerful telescope and published a book of images from his observations.

Question 11

How did Thomas Sydenham create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 11

• In 1676, he published a book called Observatione Medicae, theorising that disease was seperate from the patient, rather than being caused by what the patient did.

Question 12

How did Leeuwenhoek create changes in understanding the causes of disease?

Answer 12

• In 1683, Leeuwenhoek developed a microscope and observed ‘animalules’ or ‘little animals’.

Question 13

What led to the founding of the Royal Society?

Answer 13

• The Ryoyal Society came about because scientist wanted to talk to each other about their new discoveries and share new ideas about the world in seular term.