Youth

Question 1

When was the Hitler Youth set up?

Answer 1

-1926

Question 2

Why did the Nazis specifically target the youth?

Answer 2

-naïve
-the Thousand Year Reich would carry on through the youth
-would be easy to influence

Question 3

What did membership increase from from 1933-1934? Why?

Answer 3

-1933=100,000
-1934=4 million
-membership became compulsory under the 3 Hitler Youth Laws

Question 4

What groups were available for girls and what ages were they for?

Answer 4

-Jung Madel (JM) - Young Girls (10-14)

-Bund Deutscher Madel (BDM) - League of German Girls (14-18)

-Glaube und Schonheit - Faith and Beauty (18-21)

Question 5

What groups were available for boys and what ages were they for?

Answer 5

-Pimpfen - Cubs (6-10)

-Deutsches Jungvolk - Young German Boys (10-14)

-Hitlerjugend (HJ) - Hitler Youth (14-18)

Question 6

What groups were available for women and what ages were they for?

Answer 6

-NS Frauenwerk (NSF) - National Socialist Women’s Organisation

Question 7

What groups were available for men and what ages were they for?

Answer 7

-Reich Labour Service (RAD)
-Wehrmacht (Army)

Question 8

What groups were available for both genders and what ages were they for?

Answer 8

-German Labour Force (DAF)
-NSDAP (Nazi Party)
-German Student’s League (overwhelmingly male)

Question 9

Which 2 major institutions did the Nazis use to achieve their aims with the youth?

Answer 9

-school systems
-youth systems

Question 10

What happened once youngsters left education and youth movements?

Answer 10

-they would join other Nazi organisations such as the DAF to ensure they did not escape control

Question 11

How did the Third Reich intend to indoctrinate it’s youth completely?

Answer 11

-in the principles and ethos of National Socialism, so that the long term survival of the ‘New Order’ would never be brought into question (Thousand Year Reich)

Question 12

What was evidence of success within the Hitler Youth?

Answer 12

-Hitler Youth membership was 100,000 members in 1933 but grew to 4 million members in 1934

Question 13

How did membership of the Hitler Youth become mandatory?

Answer 13

-the 3 Hitler Youth Laws

Question 14

What was the First Hitler Youth Law and when was it?

Answer 14

-December 1936
-to make the membership of the Hitler Youth mandatory

Question 15

What was the Second Hitler Youth Law and when was it?

Answer 15

-March 1939
-German children must join the Hitler Youth at 10 until they are 18->penalties to guardians if not

Question 16

What was the Third Hitler Youth Law and when was it?

Answer 16

-1941
-designed to limit exemptions granted and to make the compliance for evasion more severe

Question 17

What was the reason the Hitler Youth membership increased between?

Answer 17

-membership became compulsory->wasn’t people’s own free will they were being forced

Question 18

What did Hitler ban when he came into power?

Answer 18

other youth groups

Question 19

What were parents pressured to do before the Hitler Youth became mandatory in 1939?

Answer 19

-enrol their children into the Hitler Youth

Question 20

Why did compliance decline in 1939?

Answer 20

-due to war->it was less fun for children due to war preporation

Question 21

What was the 1934 Law about education in the Third Reich?

Answer 21

-control of the education system was taken from the regional state and centralised under the Reich Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (led by Reich Minister Bernhard Rust)

Question 22

What was the impact of the 1934 Law about the education in the Third Reich?

Answer 22

there was more control over the youth and people

Question 23

What were teachers required to join? What were they trained to follow?

Answer 23

-the National Teacher’s Association (NSLB)
-they would be trained to follow the Nazi curriculum

Question 24

What was a result of teachers having to join the National Teacher’s Association (NSLB)?

Answer 24

-controlled the education system by controlling the teachers->more control over what the youth were being fed and learning

Question 25

What were students encouraged to do? What was the impact?

Answer 25

-report teachers to the Gestapo->meant teachers feared getting told on so they followed the Nazi orders

Question 26

What was impact of the education curriculum being staunchly Nazified to fit the Aryan ideal?

Answer 26

-promoted the Nazi ideology of the superior race

Question 27

How was the curriculum changed to focus on the Jews and Marxists?

Answer 27

-focused on how the Jews and Marxists were to blame for Germany’s defeat and surrender in WW1

Question 28

How was science changed?

Answer 28

-it was militarised
-students were taught how to build bridges and aircraft and the impact of poisonous gases->preparing them for war

Question 29

How was education changed for young girls?

Answer 29

-focused on domestic skills and eugenics->educated on how to pick a husband->wanting to increase the population led to girls learning to be mothers

Question 30

Where would exceptional boys go?

Answer 30

-Adolf Hitler Schools->they took part in tough physical training and achieved positions in the Wehrmacht, SS or went to university ->prepared them for war
-boys were rewarded for being hardworking and skilled in physical training

Question 31

Where did the very best pupils go?

Answer 31

-Order castles->they played games with live ammunition->some pupils died but those who survived often became high ranking members of the Wehrmacht and SS

Question 32

When did Hitler set up the Hitler Youth?

Answer 32

1926