Young Adulthood Flashcards
o Three criteria defines “Adulthood”
Accepting responsibility for oneself
Making independent decisions
Becoming financially independent
represents a period of time during which young adults can figure out who they are and what they want to be
Characterized by: identity exploration, instability, self-focused, feeling in-between, and age of possibilities
o Emerging Adulthood
any surgery that is carried out to induce weight loss, and it generally involves rerouting or removing parts of the stomach or small intestine
o Bariatric Surgery
manage emotions by refusing to think about an issue or reframing the event in the positive light
o Emotion-Focused Coping
involves addressing an issue head-on and developing action-oriented ways of managing and changing a bad situation
o Problem-Focused Coping –
consuming more than 14 drinks a week or 4 drinks on any single day for men and more than 7 drinks a week or 3 days on any single day for women
o Risky Drinking
active engagement in a broad range of social relationships, activities, and roles
o Social Integration
refers to material information, and psychological resources derived from the social network on which a person can rely for help in coping with stress
o Social Support
long term physical condition characterized by compulsive drinking that a person is unable to control
o Alcoholism
– stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should behave sexually
o Sexual Script
forcible sexual intercourse
o Rape
coercive sexual activity directed at someone with whom the perpetrator is at least casually acquianted
o Date or Acquaintance Rape
disorder that produces physical discomfort and emotional tension for up to 2 weeks before menstrual period
Response to monthly surges of female hormones
More typical in women in their 30s or older
o Premenstrual Syndrome
caused by contractions of the uterus which are set in motion by prostaglandin
Dysmenorrhea
inability to conceive a baby
Common causes in women: failure to produce ova, mucus in the cervix or disease of the uterine lining
o Infertility
active, persistent, and careful consideration of information or beliefs
Continually question facts, draw inferences, and make connections
Frequently engage in critical thinking
o Reflective Thinking
– characterized by the ability to deal with inconsistency, contradiction, and compromise
Draws on intuition and emotion as well as logic to help people cope with situations such as social dilemmas
Acknowledges that there may be more than one valid way of viewing an issue and that the world is made up of shades of gray
o Postformal Thought
Children acquire info and skills mainly for their own sake or as preparation in society
Acquisitive Stage (Childhood and Adolescence)
They use what they know to pursue goals
Achieving Stage (Late teens or early twenties to thirties)
Use their minds to solve practical problems associated with responsibilities to others
Responsible Stage (Late 30s to early 60s)
Responsible for societal systems or social movements
Executive Stage (30s or 40s through middle age
Enter retirement reorganize their lives and intellectual energies around meaningful pursuits that take place of paid work
Reorganizational Stage (end of middle age, beginning of late adulthood)
Focus on the purpose of what they do and concentrate on tasks that have most meaning for them
Reintegrative Stage (Late Adulthood)
Older people may create instructions for the disposition of prized possessions, make funeral arrangements, provide oral histories, or write their life stories as legacy for their loved ones
Legacy-Creating Stage (advanced old age)
analytical abilities
o Componential Knowledge
original thinking, experience-based
o Experiential Intelligence –
knowing your way around
o Contextual Intelligence
– inside information, know-how, “hacks”, not formally taught or openly expressed; commonsense knowledge of how to get agead
Includes self-management, management of tasks, and management of others
o Tacit Knowledge
refers to four related skills: the abilities to perceive, use, understand, and manage or regulate emotions to achieve goals (Salovey & Mayer, 1990
o Emotional Intelligence
Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test)
o In Kohlberg’s Postconventional Morality, people became more capable of fully principled moral reasoning, and that they made moral decisions on the basis of universal principles of justice
o Culture affects the understanding of morality
Moral Reasoning
taking a year off from formal education or the workplace
o Gap Year
– courses are delivered via mail, internet, or other technological means
o Distance Learning
– students decide for themselves, ideally, what they want to believe
o Commitment within Relativism
– the degree of thought and independent judgement it requires – and a person’s flexibility in coping with cognitive demands
o Substantive Complexity
cognitive gains from work carry over to nonworking hours
o Spillover Hypothesis
time out from developmental pressures and allow young people the freedom to experiment various roles and lifestyles
o Emerging adulthood offers Moratorium
name for the process that underlies the shift to an adult identity
o Recentering
Individual is still embedded in the family of origin, but expectations for self-reliance and self-directedness begin to increase
Stage 1: Beginning
Individual remains connected to but no longer embedded within the family of origin
Stage 2: During
Marked independence from the family of origin and commitment to a career, a partner, and possibly children
Stage 3: Usually by Age 30
self-conscious crisis that ideally leads to a resolution and identity achievement status
o Moratorium
theoretical approaches that hold that adults follow a basic sequence of age-related psychosocial changes
o Normative-Stage Models
– a mutual devotion between partners who have chosen to share their lives and have children
o Love
tendency to become intimate too freely, too easily
o Maladaptive Tendency: Promiscuity
tendency to isolate oneself from everyone
o Malignant Tendency: Exclusion
holds that the course of development depends on when certain events occur in people’s lives
o Timing-of-Events Model –
those typically happen at certain times of life
those typically happen at certain times of life
o Normative Life Events (Normative Age-Graded Events)
society’s norms for appropriate timing of life events
o Social Clock
– psychological models that focus on the measurement and examination of different traits
o Trait Models
– Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
o McCrae’s Five-Factor Model
seeks to complement and expand trait research by looking at personality functioning whole
o Typological Approach
well-adjusted, self-confident, articulate, attentive, helpful, Cooperative, task-focused
o Ego-Resilient
shy, quiet, anxious, dependable, tend to keep thoughts to themselves and withdraw from conflict, subject to depression
shy, quiet, anxious, dependable, tend to keep thoughts to themselves and withdraw from conflict, subject to depression
o Overcontrolled
active, energetic, impulsive, stubborn, and easily distracted
o Undercontrolled
o Three Attachment Styles
- Secure – have positive views in relationships, find it easy to get close to others, and are not overly concerned about romantic relationships
- Avoidant – hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and once they do, they distance themselves to their partners
- Anxious – demand closeness, less trusting, more emotional, jealous, and possessive
– treated as family members despite a lack of blood relationship
o Fictive Kin
the way love develops is a story. The loves are its authors, and the story they create reflects their personalities and their conceptions of love.
o Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love
o Three elements of love
a. Intimacy – emotional element, involves self-disclosure, which leads to connection, warmth, and trust
b. Passion – motivational element, based on inner drives that translate physiological arousal into sexual desire
c. Commitment – cognitive element, the decision to love and make the relationship work (exclusive or marry)
No intimacy, passion, nor commitment
Casual Interactions
e.g., friends, acquaintances
Nonlove
Intimacy present
There is closeness, understanding, emotional support, affection, bondedness, and warmth
e.g., ka-talking stage mo na ayaw makipag-meet up at walang label
Liking
Passion present
Strong physical attraction
e.g., crushes, someone na naka-salubong mo sa kanto tapos crush mo agad
Infatuation
Commitment only
Found in long-term relationship that have lost both intimacy and passion
e.g., arranged marriage (justin-hailey charot)
Empty Love
Intimacy and Commitment present
Long-term, committed friendship, no physical attraction
e.g., Couple with no sex life charot, BESTIEEEEES
Companionate Love
Passion and Commitment only
Couple makes commitment without allowing themselves to develop intimacy
e.g., Fuck Buddies
Fatuous Love
Consummate Love
All three components completed
e.g., SANA ALL
relationships of friendships blended with physical intimacy, but little commitment
o Friends With Benefits
– unmarried couple involved in sexual relationship live together
o Cohabitation
