Yeast Flashcards
Candida albicans
habitat
Oral cavity
Intestinal tract
Vaginal tract
Candida albicans
Infection
It is quite common in the environment and may be present in small numbers in a normal bird’s digestive tract.
Mode of infection—endogenous
Very young birds, especially those on antibiotic
Adult birds on long term antibiotics or suffering from malnutrition or other illnesses may develop secondary candidiasis
Candida albicans
Pathogenesis
Ulcerative inflammation with fibrinous exudation
Thrush—mouth, esophagus, crop, stomach, and rumen
Avain Candidiasis
Common signs of Candida infection are white lesions in and around the mouth and throat, vomiting and appetite loss, and a crop that empties more slowly than normal.
Feather problems around the crop
Beak abnormalities
Thrush—mouth, esophagus, crop, and proven-triculus
Mucosae
Covered by diphtheritic membrane
Candidiasis in Dogs and Cats
Mycotic stomatitis
Cutaneous candidiasis
Enteritis
Pyothorax and urocystitis
Equine Candidiasis
Stomach Ulcers
Oral Cytology: Yeast Cells and Pseudohyphae
Swine Candidiasis
Esophageal Candidiasis
Esophageal Scraping
Human Candidiasis
Oral Candiasis
Cryptococcus neoformans
Encapsulated yeast cell Chronic systemic mycosis Respiratory tract CNS Ocular
C. neoformans var. grubii [Serotype A]
Soil contaminated with pigeon droppings
Worldwide
C. neoformans var. gatti [Serotypes B and C]
Eucalyptus trees
Limited distribution
C. neoformans var. neoformans [Serotype D]
Soil contaminated with pigeon droppings
Worldwide
Cryptococcus neoformans
Pathogenesis
Inhalation is followed by infection of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and lungs
Hematogenous dissemination
CNS
Optic nerve
Cryptococcosis in Dogs and Cats
Subcutaneous and nasal granulomas, central nervous system lesions and blindness
Cryptococcosis in Horses
Nasal passage granulomas with nasal discharge, less commonly, lesions in the lungs and skins
Cryptococcosis in Cattle
Mastitis with severe swelling and firmness of the mammary glands. Mix yield is reduced and the milk is mucoid in texture. Very rarely metastasis to the lungs occurs
Cryptococcosis in Humans
Infections usually involve the lungs and central nervous system
Cryptococcosis
Laboratory Diagnosis
Specimens Blood, CSF, tissues, etc Culture SDA or blood agar Serology Detection of capsular antigen in serum and CSF ELISA and latex agglutination test
Malassezia pachydermatis
Lipophilic yeast Habitat Dogs: Anal region, external ear canal, etc Morphology Bottle-shaped yeast cells Pathogenesis Otitis externa Seborrhoiec dermatitis
Malassezia pachydermatis
Characterisitcs
Condition in which flkaes of dead skin are shed from the epidermis and hair follicles. These flakes may be dry and dandrufflike, or oily and greasy
