Subcutaneous Mycoses

Question 1

Subcutaneous Mycoses

Habitat

Answer 1

Soil, plants, organic debris, etc

Question 2

Subcutaneous Mycoses

Transmission

Answer 2

Contaminated thorns

Implantation into traumatized skin (spores)

Question 3

Subcutaneous Mycoses

Lesions

Answer 3

Abscesses
Nonhealing ulcers
Draining sinus tracts

Question 4

Sporothrix schenckii

Characteristics

Answer 4

Dimorphic fungus

Causes Sporotichosis

Question 5

Sporothrix schenckii

Habitat

Answer 5

Soil, vegetation, and wood

Question 6

Sporothrix schenckii

Host species

Answer 6

Humans, horses, dogs, and cats

Question 7

Sporothrix schenckii

Pathogenesis

Answer 7

Infection of the extremities via trauma
Ulcerating nodules along the superficial lymphatic vessels
Lymphangitis—thickened and cordlike vessels
(skin and lymphatic vessels)

Question 8

Equine SPorothricosis

Answer 8

Hard cutaneous nodules along the lymphatic, ulcerating and draining (cigar shaped yeasts cells)

Question 9

Feline Sporothricosis

Answer 9

Mainly male cats, draining puncture wounds, head or tail base (cigar shaped yeasts cells)

Question 10

Pythium insidiosum

Answer 10

Causes: Mycotic Swamp Cancer, Florida Horse Leeches
- Aquatic plant fungus
Host: humans, horses, dogs and cattle

Question 11

Mycotic Swamp Cancer

Pathogenesis

Answer 11

Invasion of traumatized skin or intestinal mucosa by motile zoospores
Germination of zoospores to form aseptate hyphae
Pyogranulomatous lesions with fistulous tracts discharging purulent exudate

Question 12

Myotic Swamp Cancer

Equine pythiosis

Answer 12

mostly cutaneous lesions
Ex: Draining mass on the rear leg of a horse
Ex: Granular, irregularly-shaped yellow “kunkers” w/n the mass

Question 13

Myotic Swamp Cancer

Canine pythiosis

Answer 13

Mostly alimentary tract lesions

EX; Granulomatus Gastritis

Question 14

Myotic Swamp Cancer

Laboratory Diagnosis

Answer 14

Lactophenol Cotton Blue Stain

Masses of hyphae

Question 15

Aspergillus Species

Characteristics

Answer 15

aerobic,

Saprophytic moulds with septate hyaline hyphae. Unbranched conidiophores are formed from phialides borne on vesicles

Question 16

Aspergillus funigatus

Pathogenesis

Answer 16

Inhalation or ingestion
Primary lesions occur in the respiratory tract
Possible dissemination via the bloodstream
Lesions: granulomatous lesions [yellowish-gray nodules]

Question 17

Aspergillosis BIRDS

Answer 17

Brooder pneumonia and airsacculitis in Respiratory Tract

Question 18

Aspergillosis Horses

Answer 18

Guttural pouch mycosis, keratitis, intestinal aspergillosis

Question 19

Aspergillosis Cattle

Answer 19

Muycotic abortion, Mycotic penumonia, Mycotic mastitis

Question 20

Aspergillosis Dogs

Answer 20

Otitis externa
Chronic rhinks
Aspergilosis with thrombosis of vessels

Question 21

Aspergillosis

Answer 21

Immunocompromised humans with prolonged antibiotics involve the lungs and skin of inhalation of spores can lead to a hypersensitive state

Question 22

Avain Aspergillosis (Brooder Penumonia) Transmission

Answer 22

Inhalation

Question 23

Avain Aspergillosis (Brooder Penumonia) Clinical Findings

Answer 23

Acute: Gasping, loss of appetite, paralysis or convulsions
Chronic: Emaciation, cyanosis, etc

Question 24

Avain Aspergillosis (Brooder Penumonia) Pathology

Answer 24

Yellowish-grean granulomatous plaques

Question 25

Laboratory Diagnosis for Aspergillosis of

Answer 25

Conidophore and Conidiospores

Question 26

Fungal Dimorphism

Answer 26

``` Mold Form (25C to 30C) Yeats or spherule form (35 to 37) ```

Question 27

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Answer 27

Causes: North American Blastomycosis in humans and dogs

Question 28

North American Blastomycosis in humans and dogs | Epidemiology

Answer 28

Found in acid soil enriched with manure and other organic matter Inhalation of aerosolized conidia

Question 29

Blastomycosis | Pathogensis

Answer 29

Primary lesions: Lungs Hematogenous dissemination Eye, skin, liver, CNS, etc Granulomatous lesions

Question 30

Blastomycosis Clinical Findings

Answer 30

Dogs: Fever, weight loss, chronic cough, dyspnea, etc

Question 31

Blastomycosis | Laboratory Diagnosis

Answer 31

FA stain: Fluorecing Budding Yeast Cells

Question 32

Coccidioides immitis

Answer 32

Causes Coccidioidomycosis in dogs, horses and humans [San Joachim Valley Fever]

Question 33

Coccidioidomycosis in dogs, horses and humans [San Joachim Valley Fever] Epidemiology

Answer 33

Arid soils | Inhalation of arthrospores

Question 34

Coccidioidomycosis | Pathogenesis

Answer 34

Lungs: Primary lesions Hematogenous dissemination Lesions: Granulomatous nodules

Question 35

Coccidioidomycosis | Laboratory Diangnosis

Answer 35

Barrel-Shaped Arthrospores | PAS stain, Spherule

Question 36

Histoplasmosis capsulatumm

Answer 36

Causes: Histoplasmosis in humans, dogs and cats

Question 37

Histoplasmosis in humans, dogs and cats | Epidemiology

Answer 37

Found in soils enriched with bat or bird feces | Inhalation of airborne conidia

Question 38

Histoplasmosis | Pathogenesis

Answer 38

Intracellular fungus—replicates in monocytes and macrophages Primary lesions: Lungs Hematogenous spread Infection of intestine, liver, etc

Question 39

Histoplasmosis | Clinical Presentations

Answer 39

Many infected dogs don’t get sick. Some develop mild to severe respiratory and/or gastrointestinal disease, with breathing difficulties, fever, weight loss, vomiting, muscle wasting, coughing and intractable diarrhea

Question 40

Feline Histoplasmosis | Transmission

Answer 40

Enters an animals intestinal tract after being ingested through contaminated soil or bird

Question 41

Feline Histoplasmosis | Clinical Presentations

Answer 41

Increased breathing effort and harsh lung sounds Lameness Eye discharge Diarrhea Fever, up to to 40 degrees Celsius (104.0 degrees Fahrenheit) Pale gums and moist body tissues (mucous membrane)

Question 42

Histoplasmosis | Laboratory Diagnosis

Answer 42

Numerous Yeast Forms of H. capsula-tum in Alveolar Macrophages