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Bacteriology I Final Review > Mycobacterium > Flashcards

Mycobacterium Flashcards

1
Q

Mycobacterium Species

A 
Acid fast rods - stain red (ZN positive)
Obligate aerobes
Grow slowly in culture
Cell wals have a high lipid contecnt 
Faculative intracellular organism 
Production of yellow carotenoid pigments
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2
Q

Ziehl-Neelson Acid-fast stain

A
  1. Flood Smear with carbolfuschsin (red), apply heat, and steam for 5 minutes
  2. Wash and decolorize with acid-alcohol (3% HCL and 95% ethanol)
  3. Wash and add Loeffler’s methylene blue
  4. Wash, blot dry and examine smear
  5. Acid fast organims: Red
  6. Non acid fast organims: Blue
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3
Q

Cell Wall Lipids - Mycobacteria Species

A

Complex lipids
Acid fast
Resistance to various threats, eg, UV light, detergents, antibacterial therapy etc
Resist killing within phagocytes
Cord factor “serpentine cord” arrangement

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4
Q

Cell Wall Proteins - Mycobacteria Species

A

Induce cell mediated immune response

Antigens for intrademal skin tests

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5
Q

Cord Factor

A

“Serpentine cord” arrangement of virulent Mycobacteria sp.

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6
Q

Mycobacteria Species growth in Macrophages

A

Inhibition of phagosome-lysosome fusion
Dissemination of organisms to lymph nodes and visceral organs
Chronic infection
Immunity is cell mediated

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7
Q

Mycobacterium Bovis

A

Causes: Bovine Tuberculosis

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8
Q

Bovine Tuberculosis

A

Reservoir: Bovine, Deer, Badger, Buffalo
Transmission: Inhalation of infectious aerosols , Ingestion of contaminated water or feed

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9
Q

Pathogenesis of Bovine Tuberculosis

A

Initial replication in Marcophages at the portal of entry
Transport in Marcophages to regional lymph nodes
Bacteremia
Granulomatous

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10
Q

Tubercle (Granuloma)

A 
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction 
Organisms are walled off in tubercles 
Tubercle 
      - Central caseous necrosis (calcium deposits)
      - MO's and giant cells 
      - Lymphocytes 
      - Fibrous Capsule
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11
Q

Clinical Presentation of Bovine Tuberculosis

A

Few Symptoms and disease not diagnosed

Advance cases: chronic coughing, enlarged lymph nodes, potential systemic spread to other organisms

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12
Q

Ovine and Swine Tuberculosis

A

Bacteriology: Mycobacterium bovis

Rare in sheep, goat, and dogs. Infected by ingestion of contaminated milk/cattle feed and GT tract and lymph nodes

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13
Q

The Tuberculin Test

A

Type IV hypersenitivity Test
Tuberculin Antigen - purified protein derivative {PPD}
Single intradermal test

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14
Q

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

A

soil Saprophytes
Some are antgenically related to M. avium
Sensitize cattle to the TB test - false positive reactions
Some cause disease in domestic animals

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15
Q

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

Causes: Johne’s Disease in Cattle

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16
Q

Johne’s Disease in Cattle

A

Chronic, granulomatous enteritis in domestic cattle an wild ruminants
Transmission: ingestion of contaminated feed and water

17
Q

Pathogenesis of Johne’s Disease

A

Replication in intestinal MOs
Immune mediated granulomatous reaction
Edematous, hemorrhagic, corrugated intestines
Lymphadenitis
The loss of plasma proteins and malabsorption of nutrients and water

18
Q

Symptoms of Johne’s Disease in Cattle

A

Peak incidence of disease: 2 to 6 years
Profuse watery diarrhea
Corrugated intestines

19
Q

Characteristics of Mycoplasama

A

Smallest of all bacteria
Pleomorphic - coccoid forms, ring forms
Lack Cell wall therefore resistant to drugs that interfere with cell wall
Cell membrane contains sterols
Microcolonies appeared to be unique fried-egg appearance
Found in the mucosal surfaces of the conjunctiva, nasal cavity, oropharynx, intestinal and genital tracts of humans and animals

20
Q

Parthenogenesis of Mycoplasama

A

Adhesins facilitate binding to host cells
Respiratory Tract Infection
Arthitis
Molecular Mimcry

21
Q

Serologic Diagnosis of Mycoplasma

A

Growth Inhibition Test
Fluorescent anitbody test
Serum plate agglutination test
Complement fixation test

22
Q

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

A

Enzootic pneumonia of swine

23
Q

Enzootic pneumonia of Swine

A

Antibodies to M. hyopneumoniae cross react with lung tissue
Transmission: Inhalation
Clinical findings: Chronic Disease and persistent Dry cough

24
Q

Mycoplasma hyorhinis

A

Polyserositis of Swine

25
Q

Polyserositis of Swine

A

Transmission of inhalation
Disease is most common in pigs between - weeks of age
Bacteremia
Serofibfrinous pericarditis, pleuritis, peritonitis
Fibrinous synovitis and arthritis

26
Q

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae

A

Polyarthritis of Swine

27
Q

Polyarthritis of Swine

A

Habitat: URT of adult carrier of pigs
Transmission: Inhalation
Parthenogenesis: Disease is most common in growing pigs, Replication in tonsils followed by bacteremia, Non suppurative, nonproliferative, and nonerosive arthritis of stifle, elbow and hip joints

28
Q

Mycoplasma bovis

A

Penumonia, Mastitis, (Result in cessation of milk production), Arthritis (Secondary to pneumonia and ingestion of contaminated milk), Genital Tract Infection

29
Q

Mycoplasma bovoculi

A

Mild form of pinkeye in cattle

Synergistic infection with Moraxella bovis (severe pinkeye)

30
Q

Mycoplasma ovipenumoniae

A 
Acute and Chronic pneumonia (Sheeps and Goats)
Clinical Findings: 
- Most prevalent in lambs and kids 
- Dry hacking cough 
- Loss of condition 
- Low mortality
31
Q

Mycoplasma Conjunctivae

A 
Inectious Keratoconjunctivitis of sheep and goats 
Clinical Findings: 
- Conjunctivities 
- Lacrimal Discharges
- Keratitis (Blindness)
32
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum

A 
Chickens - Chronic respiratory disease 
Turkeys - Infectious sinusitis 
Transmission
 - Through eggs 
- Direct contact 
Clinical Findings 
- Coughing, oculonasal discharge, rales 
- Swelling of infraorbital sinus (turkeys)
Reduction of egg production
33
Q

Chronic Respiratory Disease

A

Depressed Chickens
Swollen Face
Cyanosis of the Comb

34
Q

Infectious Sinusitis of Turkeys

A

Acute Sinusitis

35
Q

Serology of Mycoplasma gallisepticum

A

Rapid plate agglutination Test
Hemagglutination
Detect antibodies in carrier birds

36
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae

A

Airsacculitis and infectious synovitis of chickens and turkeys
Transmission
- Inhalation, egg transmission
Clinical Findings
- Airsacculitis (The bird may present with mild levels of respiratory distress and feather plucking)
- Inflammation of synovial membranes if joints
- Lamensses

37
Q

Mycoplasm felis

A

Mucoid Conjunctivitis

Bacteriology I Final Review (12 decks)

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