year 4 shoulder and elbow Flashcards
markings on clavicle
acromial end sternal end articular facet of acromion trapezoid line conoid tubercle articular facet for sternum
3 borders and 3 angles of scapula
medial, lateral and superior border
superior, lateral and inferior angle
3 processes and 3 fossa of scapula
spine of scapula acromion coracoid process supraspinatous infraspinatous subscapularis
lateral bony aspects of scapula
glenoid fossa
supraglenoid tubercle
infraglenoid tubercle
proximal humerus markings
head neck greater and less tubercle anatomical neck surgical neck bicipital groove/ intertubercular sulcus deltoid tuberosity
distal humerus marking
medial and lateral epicondyle lateral and medial supracondylar ridge trochlea capitulum olechranon fossa coronoid fossa radial fossa
radius markings
head
neck
radial tuberosity
styloid process
ulna markings
olechranon roughening for triceps attachment trochlear notch radial notch coronoid process tuberosity of ulna styloid process
6 movements of the shoulder
flexion extension abduction adduction circumduction internal/ external rotation
glenohumeral ligaments 6
glenoid labrum transverse humeral ligament coracohumeral ligament superior glenohumeral lig middle glenohumeral lig inferior glenohumeral lig
sternoclavicular joint marking and ligament 4
clavicular notch
interclavicular ligament
anterior sternoclavicular ligament
costoclavicular ligament
acromioclavicular joint ligaments 3
acromioclavicular lig
conoid ligament
trapezoid ligament
(coracoclavicular ligament)
function of the acromioclavicular lig and coracoclavicular lig
ACJ: movement anteroposterior and vertical plane
CC lig: weight bearing support
elbow joint 3 components and movement
distal humerus
radius
ulna
flexion and extension
radioulnar joint movements
pronation
supination
ligaments of the elbow 3
- radial collateral lig
- ulnar collateral ligament
- annular ligament
muscles of shoulder and back
deltoid trapezius levator scapulae rhomboid minor rhomboid major latissimus dorsi
deltoid
axillary nerve
origin: spine scapula,acomion, clavicle
insert: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
action: flexion, extension, abduction
levator scapulae
origin: transverse process of CI-IV vertebrae
Insert: posterior surface of medial scapula
action: elevate scapulae
anterior rami c3/c4 and dorsal scapular nerve c5
rhomboid minor and major
origin: c8-t1 minor, T2-T5 major
insert: medial border of scapula
action: elevates/ retracts scapula
dorsal scapular nerve
latissimus dorsi
origin: spinous process lower 6 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and iliac crest
insert: intertubecular sulcus
adduction, medial rotation, extension of arm at GHJ
thoracodorsal nerve
4 rotator cuff muscles
teres minor
subscapularis
supraspinatous
infraspinatous
supraspinatous
origin: suprapsinous fossa
insert: greater tubercle humerus
action: rotator cuff muscle stabilise GHJ, abduction of arm to 15
suprascapular nerve
trapezius
origin: spinous process, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchal
insert: spine of scapula, acromion, lateral 1/3 clavicle
elevate, rotate, retract, depress scapula
accessory nerve
infraspinatous
infraspinatous fossa greater tubercle of humerus stabilise GHJ external rotation of arm suprascapular nerve
Teres minor
posterior surface of scapula posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus stabilise GHJ external rotation of arm axillary nerve innervation
subscapularis
subscapular fossa lesser tubercle of humerus stabilise GHJ internal rotation of humerus subscapular nerve
teres major
posterior inferior angle scapula
intertubercular sulcus
medial rotation and extension of the arm
lower subscapular nerve
anterior arm compartment muscles 3
biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis
biceps brachii
origin: long head= supraglenoid tubercle scapula short head= tip coracoid process Insertion: radial tuberosity action: flexion of arm, supinator nerve: Musculocutaneous nerve
Coracobrachialis
origin= apex of coracoid process
insertion= medial side of humerus
action: flexion and adductor of arm
nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
brachialis
origin= anterior humerus
insertion=ulna tuberosity
action: flexion
nerve= musculocutaneous
posterior arm compartment
triceps brachii origin: long head= infraglenoid tubercle scapula medial/lateral head=posterior humerus insertion=olecranon process action= extension of the arm, adductor nerve= radial nerve
anterior wall axilla muscles 3
pectoralis major
pectoralis minor
subclavius
pectoralis major
origin: clavicular head-medial 1/2 clavicle
sternocostal head=sternum- 7 ribs- sternal end 6th rib
insertion= intertubecular sulcus of humerus
action= flexion, adduction, medial rotation
clavicular head= flexion of extended arm
sternocostal head= extension of flexed arm
nerve= pectoral nerves (medial and lateral)
pectoralis minor
origin= IIi-v ribs
insertion=coracoid process scapula
action= pulls tip of shoulder down, protracts the scapula
nerve=pectoral medial nerves
subclavius
origin= 1st rib
insertion=inferior scapula
action= pulls tip of scapula down, pulls clavicle medial
nerve= nerve to subclavius
muscle of the medial wall axilla
serrratus anterior
serratus anterior
origin= lateral 1-9 ribs insertion= costal surface medial border scapula action= protraction, rotation of scapula, nerve= long thoracic nerve
