Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

othopaedics > shoulder and elbow pathologies > Flashcards

shoulder and elbow pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

2 that block external rotation

A

posterior dislocation

glenohumeral OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which 2 block internal rotation and abduction

A

impingement

rotator cuff tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

summary of impingement

A

normal movement
painful abduction and IR
Hawkin test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

adhesive capsulitis summary

A

can’t move shoulder at all global loss both passive and active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

summary rotator cuff tear

A

Jobe’s test
painful abduction, but can be all
loss of above shoulder height
normal passive, weak active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

test for supraspinatous

A

jobe test- internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

test for infraspinatous and teres minor

A

hands push out- external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

subscapularis

A

gerber’s lift off

belly press test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pathologies seen in <30 and test

A

shoulder dislocation/ instability = apprehension test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pathologies seen middle age

A

impingement
frozen shoulder
traumatic cuff tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pathologies seen in elderly

A

glenohumeral OA
acromio-clavicular OA
degnerative cuff tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is impingement

A

rotator cuff tendon caught between bursa acromion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ROfM for impingement pain

A

abduction and IR becomes painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 causes of impingement

A

calcific tendonitis

acromion clavicular joint OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is calcific tendonitis

A

depositis of hydroxyapatite crystals into tendon- usually supraspinatous
cause inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

presentation of calcific tendonitis

A 
chronic pain
intermittent flare ups
pain radiates to deltoid insertion 
stiffness
reduced abduction and internal rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

test for impingement3

A

hawkin’s test- pain on internal rotation
painful arc
x-ray for osteophytes or calcium depositis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

management of impingement conservative

A

conservative

  • physio
  • analgesia
  • steroids
  • subacromial injection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

indication for operative manaement on impingement

A

conservative failure minimum 4-6 months

subacromial decompression with acromioplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 phases of adhesive capsulitis and how long

A

freeze-3months-painful
frozen-6months- ROM
thawing-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

most common loss of ROFM 3 from adhesive capsulitis

rem global loss though

A

ER most then
flexion then
IR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

presentation frozen

A

global loss
worse at night
preceding event possible
tender over anterior GHJ

23
Q

causes of frozen shoulder 2

A

primary: idiopathic
seconddary: risk factors
- DM
- endocrine
- previous surgery
- trauma

24
Q

diagnosis criteria for frozen shoulder

A

painful shoulder with restricted active and passive motion for at least 1 month duration

25
Q

x-ray of frozen shoulder shows

A

normal

26
Q

conservative management of frozen shoulder

A

physio
analgesia
intra- steroids

27
Q

non-conservative frozen management and indication

A
  1. MUA-crack adhesions

2. arthroscopic surgical release- if 3-6 months failed

28
Q

types of shoulder dislocation and cause

A

anterior: FOOSH
posterior: subglenoid- epilepsy/ electric
subclavicular
intrathoracic

29
Q

cause of anterior dislocation

A

forced abduction, ER and extension

30
Q

causes of shoulder instability traumatic4

A
  1. bakart lesion: avulsion of glenoid labrum from glenoid
  2. Glenohumeral ligament avulsion- tear from glenoid
  3. hill-sachs lesion impaction # posterior humeral head cause anterior dislocation
  4. slack capsule= repetitive stretching of joint capsule
31
Q

causes of shoulder instability atrumatic 2

A

generalised ligament laxity eg ehlers danlos

hypoplastic glenoid

32
Q

clinical presentation of anterior dislocation

A
  • <25 male following trauma
  • wilful dislocation/ habitual
  • ;pain
  • arm paraesthesia
  • swelling-palpable humeral head
33
Q

clinical presentation of posterior dislocation

A

fixed in internal roatation

34
Q

complications of shoulder dislocation 3

A
  1. recurrence risk 80% in young
  2. rotator cuff tear/ greater tuberosity fracture older
  3. axillay nerve/brachial plexus palsy
35
Q

diagnosis shoulder dislocation

A

x-ray

apprehension test

36
Q

management dislocation conservative

A

MUA then physio

37
Q

indications for operative managenment of dislocations

A 
hill-sachs
<35
play contact sport
sig bone injury
patient wish 
posterior dislocate
38
Q

operative management for dislocations

A
  • re-construct the glenoid labrum/ tighten ligaments

- for posterior have to take off muscles

39
Q

2 main causes of rotator tear

A

degernative

trauma

40
Q

rotator cuff tear RofM affected

A

normal passive, loss active
abduction
external rotation
internal rotation

41
Q

most common tendon to have tear in

A

suprapsinatous

then teres minor and infrapsinatous

42
Q

2 main dx tool for cuff tear

A

mri and usss

43
Q

presentation cuff tear

A 
muscle wasting
>50
history trauma
dull ache
abduction, ER, IR
tender 
painful/ loss of arc
active loss, passive normal
44
Q

conservative management for rotator cuff tear

A

nsaid
analgesia
steroid
physio

45
Q

surgical indication for cuff tear

A

if conservative fails for elderly or young traumatic

46
Q

surgical option for cuff tear

A

subacromial decompression
reatachment cuff
arthroplasty

47
Q

which is the most common shoulder OA

A

ACJ

48
Q

presentation of GHJ

A

pain deep shoulder and lateral aspect
stiffness
crepitus
global loss of ROFM

49
Q

x-ray of GHJ shows

A

high riding humeral head dysfunction of rotator cuff tendon as not opposed to deltoid muscle

50
Q

risk factor for GHJ trauma

A

previous rotator cuff tear- as centralising effect of cuff muscle is lost= cuff arthropathy

51
Q

ACJ oa presentation

A

chronic history
tender to palpate superior shoulder
reduced abduction but normal power

52
Q

risk of shoulder dislocation recurrence ages 19 and 30

A

> 90% at 18

<50% if over 30

53
Q

axillary distibution of pain in shoulder dislocation name for it

A

regimental badge

othopaedics (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions